Genome-wide analyses of the GbAP2 subfamily reveal the function of GbTOE1a in salt and drought stress tolerance in Ginkgo biloba

Chang, Bang; Qiu, Xinyu; Yang, Yi; Zhou, Wanxiang; Jin, Biao; Wang, Li

doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112027

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 54 publications

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“…It is now grown in a wide range of countries, including New Zealand, Brazil, the Netherlands, Chile, Japan, Belgium, Austria, England, Spain, Italy, Germany, France, Korea, Australia, and India, owing primarily to its ability to thrive in deep and sandy soils found in temperate and subtropical climate regions worldwide. In fact, Ginkgo is known for having a large genome and remarkable tolerance to various stress factors, whether abiotic or biotic; this species demonstrates remarkable resilience and adaptability in the face of adverse conditions, which contributes to its survival and longevity; additionally, it has the ability to cope with various forms of stress, whether caused by the physical environment or interactions with other organisms [ 49 , 50 , 51 ].…”

Section: Ginkgo Biloba and Health Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ginkgo biloba: A Leaf of Hope in the Fight against Alzheimer’s Dementia: Clinical Trial Systematic Review

Pagotto,

Santos,

Osman

et al. 2024

Antioxidants

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a stealthy and progressive neurological disorder that is a leading cause of dementia in the global elderly population, imposing a significant burden on both the elderly and society. Currently, the condition is treated with medications that alleviate symptoms. Nonetheless, these drugs may not consistently produce the desired results and can cause serious side effects. Hence, there is a vigorous pursuit of alternative options to enhance the quality of life for patients. Ginkgo biloba (GB), an herb with historical use in traditional medicine, contains bioactive compounds such as terpenoids (Ginkgolides A, B, and C), polyphenols, organic acids, and flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin). These compounds are associated with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties, making them valuable for cognitive health. A systematic search across three databases using specific keywords—GB in AD and dementia—yielded 1702 documents, leading to the selection of 15 clinical trials for synthesis. In eleven studies, GB extract/EGb 761® was shown to improve cognitive function, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and functional abilities in both dementia types. In four studies, however, there were no significant differences between the GB-treated and placebo groups. Significant improvements were observed in scores obtained from the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Short Cognitive Performance Test (SKT), and Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). While the majority of synthesized clinical trials show that Ginkgo biloba has promising potential for the treatment of these conditions, more research is needed to determine optimal dosages, effective delivery methods, and appropriate pharmaceutical formulations. Furthermore, a thorough assessment of adverse effects, exploration of long-term use implications, and investigation into potential drug interactions are critical aspects that must be carefully evaluated in future studies.

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Section: Ginkgo Biloba and Health Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ginkgo biloba: A Leaf of Hope in the Fight against Alzheimer’s Dementia: Clinical Trial Systematic Review

Pagotto,

Santos,

Osman

et al. 2024

Antioxidants

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Tree biology: From genomics to genetic improvement

Shen,

Li,

Liu

et al. 2025

Plant Science

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Analysis of Ginkgo biloba Root Exudates and Inhibition of Soil Fungi by Flavonoids and Terpene Lactones

Wang,

Jiang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Plants

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Ginkgo biloba is abundant in secondary metabolites, including flavonoids and terpenoids. While the majority of research has focused on the role of these compounds in disease resistance, their specific contribution to pathogen defense has been rarely explored. In this study, we collected root exudates from hydroponically cultivated ginkgo seedlings and conducted a metabolomic analysis. We identified several primary metabolites mainly comprising amino acids and nucleotides, while secondary metabolites consisted of various compounds, including bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and terpenoids. Focusing on the secondary metabolites with relatively higher abundance in the exudates, we selected a mixture of flavonoids and terpenoids for in vitro inhibition experiments against two soil-borne fungal pathogens, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum that causes cucumber wilt and Rhizoctonia solani AG-8 that causes wheat root rot. The results indicated that the growth rate of both fungus cells was significantly reduced with the increasing concentration of the flavonoid and terpenoid mixture extracted from ginkgo and was completely inhibited at a concentration of 5 mg/mL. Further experiments revealed that this mixture of flavonoids and terpenoids had a destructive effect on the cellular structure of both fungi, thereby reducing cell viability and achieving an antifungal effect. These findings provide a foundation for further research into the use of ginkgo extracts in biological control.

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Genome-wide analyses of the GbAP2 subfamily reveal the function of GbTOE1a in salt and drought stress tolerance in Ginkgo biloba

Cited by 3 publications

References 54 publications

Ginkgo biloba: A Leaf of Hope in the Fight against Alzheimer’s Dementia: Clinical Trial Systematic Review

Ginkgo biloba: A Leaf of Hope in the Fight against Alzheimer’s Dementia: Clinical Trial Systematic Review

Tree biology: From genomics to genetic improvement

Analysis of Ginkgo biloba Root Exudates and Inhibition of Soil Fungi by Flavonoids and Terpene Lactones

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