Genome‐wide and expression‐profiling analyses of the cytochrome P450 genes in Tenebrionidea

Abstract

Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs) are present in almost all areas of the tree of life. As one of the largest and most diverse superfamilies of multifunctional enzymes, they play important roles in the metabolism of xenobiotics and biosynthesis of endogenous compounds, shaping the success of insects. In this study, the CYPome (an omics term for all the CYP genes in a genome) diversification was examined in the four Tenebrionidea species through genome-wide analysis. A total of 483 CYP genes were identified, of which 103, 157, 122, and 101 were respectively deciphered from the genomes of Tebebrio molitor, Asbolus verucosus, Hycleus cichorii and Hycleus phaleratus. These CYPs were classified into four major clans (mitochondrial, CYP2, CYP3, and CYP4), and clans CYP3 and CYP4 are most diverse. Phylogenetic analysis showed that most CYPs of these Tenebrionidea beetles from each clan had a very close 1:1 orthology to each other, suggesting that they originate closely and have evolutionally conserved function. Expression analysis at different developmental stages and in various tissues showed the life stage-, gut-, salivary gland-, fat body-, Malpighian tubule-, antennae-, ovary-and testis-specific expression patterns of T. molitor CYP genes, implying their various potential roles in development, detoxification, immune response, digestion, olfaction, and reproduction.Our studies provide a platform to understand the evolution

Tenebrio molitor as a Simple and Cheap Preclinical Pharmacokinetic and Toxicity Model

“…The data were compelling; however, differences among the cytochromes and detoxification mechanisms can be the cause of the differences in PK. T. molitor has four major clans of cytochromes (mitochondrial, CYP2, CYP3 and CYP4) implicated in development, detoxification, immune response, digestion, olfaction and reproduction [35]. Their expression varies depending on the organs as well as the reproductive stage and the age of exemplars; as a result, their study complex.…”