Genome-Wide Association in the Mitochondrial Genome Identifies Two Novel Genes Involved in Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

Abstract

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2) is a complex and multifactorial disorder, it is currently classified as one of the epidemics of the 21st century due to the magnitude with which it is growing, as well as the cardiovascular effects it causes. This work presents an association study of base-pair positions of the human mitochondrial with Type 2 diabetes. The data consisted of 510 complete mitochondrial genomes, of which 437 were from patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and 73 were from healthy patients. An alignment algorithm allowed to visualize and select one with optional positions, a Principal Components analysis allowed to visualize the structure of the data and the regression analysis allowed to discover 3 associated base-pair regions. After inspecting the genome annotation, 3 genes were found as candidates to be associated, of which one was found in previous studies to be associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. This study provides new evidence of genomic positional association with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.