Genome-wide characterization of the WRKY gene family in cultivated strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) and the importance of several group III members in continuous cropping

Abstract

WRKY transcription factors play important roles in many plant developmental processes and adaptation to the environment. However, little knowledge is available about the WRKY gene family in cultivated strawberry ( Fragaria × ananassa Duch.), an important soft fruit worldwide. In this study, a total of 47 WRKY gene members were identified and renamed on the basis of their order on the chromosomes. According to their evolutionary events and conserved structure, the 47 FaWRKYs were divided into three major groups with several subgroups. A cis -element analysis showed that all FaWRKYs possessed at least one stress response-related cis -element. Comprehensive analysis, including phylogenetic analysis and expression profiling, based on real-time qPCR analysis in root, stem, leaf and fruit was performed on group III FaWRKY genes. The phylogenetic tree of the WRKY III genes in cultivated strawberry, wild Strawberry, Arabidopsis, tomato, and rice was divided into five clades. Additionally, the expression profiles of the FaWRKY genes in response to continuous cropping were further investigated based on RNA-seq data. FaWRKY25 , FaWRKY32 , and FaWRKY45 , which are group III Fa WRKY genes, were upregulated after continuous cropping. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the expression levels of PR1 and peroxidase were higher in continuous cropping (CC) than in non-continuous cropping (NCC). The results indicated that group III FaWRKYs might play an important role in continuous cropping. These results provide a foundation for genetic improvements for continuous cropping tolerance in cultivated strawberry.

Preferential Ribosome Loading on the Stress-Upregulated mRNA Pool Shapes the Selective Translation under Stress Conditions

“…Particularly, we highlighted the presence of two types of core responsive genes that were regulated at both levels by at least four stresses, the WRKY family of genes and genes encoding heat shock proteins (HSPs). WRKY transcription factor genes, known as the largest gene family in higher plants, have been reported in many species including Arabidopsis , rice, tomato, cotton, pineapple and wild strawberry [ 39 ]. Massive studies have indicated the regulatory role of WRKY gene members that confers biotic as well as abiotic stress tolerance to crop plants [ 40 ].…”

Silage Fermentation and Chemical Composition of Chamaecitysus Proliferus Var Palmensis (Tagasaste) and Pennisetum Sp (Maralfalfa) Using Different Additives

“…The members of group III consist of a WRKY domain and C2H2 zinc-finger sequence (Jang et al, 2010;Zhu et al, 2013). A large number of studies have reported useful information on WRKY gene family in a number of species like rice, tomato, cotton, Arabidopsis, pineapple and strawberry (Chen and Liu, 2019). To the best of our knowledge little is investigated regarding the structural and functional analysis of WRKY genes found in various cereal crops.…”

Transcriptomic analysis reveals recovery strategies in strawberry roots after using a soil amendment in continuous cropping soil

“…Yang et al found some differentially expressed miRNAs involved in the development of the tuberous root after a R. glutinosa CC obstacle [17]. In our previous study, we found that several WRKY group III members might play important roles in the response to CC obstacles in strawberry [18]. However, no report is available regarding the recovery strategies in plant roots after application of the SA to CC soil.…”