Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of WRKY Gene Family in Camelina Sativa

Abstract

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p><jats:bold>Background: </jats:bold>WRKY gene family is one of the largest transcription factor families and WRKY proteins (WRKYs) have the complex biological functions to regulate plant metabolic processes. Although the WRKY genes were identified in many species and the functions were verified, there were no reports of <jats:italic>Camelina sativa</jats:italic> WRKY genes.<jats:bold>Results: </jats:bold>In this investigation, a total of 202 CsWRKY genes were identified and encoded 242 CsWRKYs. The CsWRKYs were further classified into three major groups according to their structure and phylogeny. The comprehensive analysis showed the characteristic sequences of CsWRKYs were conserved in the evolutionary process. In addition, the 137 segmental duplication events were the major force to expand the CsWRKY members in evolution. Compared with other reported plant species, CsWRKYs family as the largest WRKY gene family had maximum members. Furthermore, expression profiling indicated that different CsWRKY members exhibited differently in shoots and roots, and some CsWRKY genes were also up-regulated to varying degrees under salt stress in shoots.<jats:bold>Conclusions: </jats:bold>In this research, a detailed overview of CsWRKY family genes and expression patterns offered precious information for understanding the potential evolutionary process and the biological functions of CsWRKY genes, which was useful for the further characteristic research of CsWRKY genes and the development of high-quality <jats:italic>Camelina sativa</jats:italic> varieties.</jats:p>

Genome-Wide Analysis of Snapdragon WRKY and VQ Gene Families and Their Expression in Response to Drought and Cold Stresses

“…2). This was consistent with that the WRKYGKK variant was frequently occurred in Group IIc of plant WRKY genes [4,7,9,55,[57][58][59]. It has been showed that variation of the WRKYGQK core sequence might affect the binding ability of the WRKY transcription factor to the W-box motif [60,61].…”

“…1). This was similar to many other dicot plant species [6,7,9,11,55,56], suggesting that this subgroup was more active in the evolution of dicots. The WRKYGQK core sequence is a typical signature of WRKY proteins.…”

“…The WRKY transcription factors are essential regulatory components of plant response to abiotic stress. Numerus studies revealed that WRKY genes could rapidly differentially express under abiotic stresses, based on transcriptome analysis or real-time PCR [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Roles of WRKY genes in stress response have also been confirmed using mutant or transgenic plants.…”