Genome-wide identification and characterization of odorant-binding protein (OBP) genes in the malaria vectorAnopheles sinensis(Diptera: Culicidae)

Abstract

Anopheles sinensis is a major malaria vector. Insect odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) may function in the reception of odorants in the olfactory system. The classification and characterization of the An. sinensis OBP genes have not been systematically studied. In this study, 64 putative OBP genes were identified at the whole-genome level of An. sinensis based on the comparison between OBP conserved motifs, PBP_GOBP, and phylogenetic analysis with An. gambiae OBPs. The characterization of An. sinensis OBPs, including the motif's conservation, gene structure, genomic organization and classification, were investigated. A new gene, AsOBP73, belonging to the Plus-C subfamily, was identified with the support of transcript and conservative motifs. These An. sinensis OBP genes were classified into three subfamilies with 37, 15 and 12 genes in the subfamily Classic, Atypical and Plus-C, respectively. The genomic organization of An. sinensis OBPs suggests a clustered distribution across nine different scaffolds. Eight genes (OBP23-28, OBP63-64) might originate from a single gene through a series of historic duplication events at least before divergence of Anopheles, Culex and Aedes. The microsynteny analyses indicate a very high synteny between An. sinensis and An. gambiae OBPs. OBP70 and OBP71 earlier classified under Plus-C in An. gambiae are recognized as belonging to the group Obp59a of the Classic subfamily, and OBP69 earlier classified under Plus-C has been moved to the Atypical subfamily in this study. The study established a basic information frame for further study of the OBP genes in insects as well as in An. sinensis.

Comparative analyses of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) in 23 mosquito species genomes: Identification, characterization and distribution (Diptera: Culicidae)

“…With the increasing of mosquito omics data, the diversity, characterization and functional analyses of a given group of genes are progressively increasing (He et al ., ; Liu et al ., ; Mei et al ., ; Wang et al ., ; Wu et al ., ; Yan et al ., ). However, the in silico SSR identification and analysis are relatively insufficient, and therefore the SSR features and the association with different species of mosquito genomes are still not well understood.…”

“…albopictus (Chen et al, 2015) have been sequenced and annotated, and more recently 16 Anopheles genomes have been reported (Neafsey et al, 2015). A number of transcriptomes and mitochondrial genomes have also been sequenced and comparatively analyzed (e.g., Chen et al, 2014;Hua et al, 2016;Hao et al, 2017;Fang et al, 2018) With the increasing of mosquito omics data, the diversity, characterization and functional analyses of a given group of genes are progressively increasing (He et al, 2016;Liu et al, 2018;Mei et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2018;Wu et al, 2018;Yan et al, 2018). However, the in silico SSR identification and analysis are relatively insufficient, and therefore the SSR features and the association with different species of mosquito genomes are still not well understood.…”

The antenna transcriptome changes in mosquito Anopheles sinensis, pre- and post- blood meal

“…The number of OBPs is lower than previously reported (64 putative OBP genes) at the whole genome level of An . sinensis [25]. A reason for the difference between these two studies may be the using of different reference genome: self-constructed genome in the previous study vs. vectorbase (AsinC2) in this study.…”

“…As far, only a few odor-recognition-related genes from An . sinensis have been characterized [25, 26]. It is hoped that a comprehensive identification of host-location-related genes in An .…”

Leap forward with insect genomics

“…He et al . identified and characterized 64 odorant‐binding protein (OBP) genes in the malaria vector, Anopheles sinensis , from a whole genome analysis (He et al ., ). Zhang et al .…”