Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the Brassica oleracea L. chitin-binding genes and response to pathogens infections

Abstract

Main conclusion Chitinase family genes were involved in the response of Brassica oleracea to Fusarium wilt, powdery mildew, black spot and downy mildew. Abstract Abstract Chitinase, a category of pathogenesis-related proteins, is believed to play an important role in defending against external stress in plants. However, a comprehensive analysis of the chitin-binding gene family has not been reported to date in cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.), especially regarding the roles that chitinases play in response to various diseases. In this study, a total of 20 chitinase genes were identified using a genome-wide search method. Phylogenetic analysis was employed to classify these genes into two groups. The genes were distributed unevenly across six chromosomes in cabbage, and all of them contained few introns (≤ 2). The results of collinear analysis showed that the cabbage genome contained 1–5 copies of each chitinase gene (excluding Bol035470) identified in Arabidopsis. The heatmap of the chitinase gene family showed that these genes were expressed in various tissues and organs. Two genes (Bol023322 and Bol041024) were relatively highly expressed in all of the investigated tissues under normal conditions, exhibiting the expression characteristics of housekeeping genes. In addition, under four different stresses, namely, Fusarium wilt, powdery mildew, black spot and downy mildew, we detected 9, 5, 8 and 8 genes with different expression levels in different treatments, respectively. Our results may help to elucidate the roles played by chitinases in the responses of host plants to various diseases.

Dynamic Tissue—Specific Transcriptome Changes in Response to Verticillium dahliae in Wild Mint Species Mentha longifolia

“…A number of recent publications have reported genome-wide surveys of the chitinase gene family in plants as diverse as Eucalyptus grandis [ 32 ], Brassica spp. [ 33 , 34 ], Camellia (tea) [ 35 ], and the Asian evergreen shrub Ammopiptanthus nanus [ 36 ]. This study adds to the body of knowledge of plant chitinase diversity and expression as a defense against fungal pathogens.…”

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Chitinase Genes in Watermelon under Abiotic Stimuli and Fusarium oxysporum Infection

“…ClChi15 , 16 , and 17 and ClChi 20 , 21 , 22 , and 23 are members of Class V and clustered on chromosomes 6 and 11, respectively. The pattern of distribution of the watermelon chitinases might be explained by the tandem duplication events that occurred during evolution, which is similar to those of other species, such as cucumber [ 6 ] and cabbage [ 19 ]. Furthermore, similar structural features and the composition of motifs have been observed in the members classified into the same class.…”

“…However, the chitinases occur widely in higher plants, including monocots and dicots, which do not contain chitin. To date, chitinases have been found in the Arabidopsis thaliana (hereafter Arabidopsis ) and rice [ 13 ], maize [ 14 ], sorghum [ 15 ], soybean [ 16 ], black bean [ 17 ], barley [ 18 ], cabbage [ 19 ], banana [ 20 ], cucumber [ 6 ], garlic [ 21 ], tea [ 22 ], muskmelon [ 23 ], tomato [ 24 ], mulberry [ 25 ] and wheat [ 26 ]. Chitinases are considered to belong to the category of pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins.…”

Bioinformatics and Expression Analysis of the Chitinase Genes in Strawberry (Fragaria vesca) and Functional Study of FvChi-14

“…The chitinase gene family has been studied in a variety of plants, such as cotton ( Gossypium ) [ 13 ], cucumber ( Cucumis sativus ) [ 23 ], tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ) [ 24 ], tea ( Camellia sinensis ) [ 5 ], cabbage ( Brassica oleracea ) [ 25 ], mulberry ( Morus notabilis ) [ 9 ], domesticated apple ( Malus domestica ), and wild apple ( Malus sieversii ) [ 26 ]. However, less information is available about the roles of chitinase genes in strawberry.…”