Genome-wide identification, evolution, and expression of the SNARE gene family in wheat resistance to powdery mildew

Abstract

SNARE proteins mediate eukaryotic cell membrane/transport vesicle fusion and act in plant resistance to fungi. Herein, 173 SNARE proteins were identified in wheat and divided into 5 subfamilies and 21 classes. The number of the SYP1 class type was largest in TaSNAREs. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that most of the SNAREs were distributed in 21 classes. Analysis of the genetic structure revealed large differences among the 21 classes, and the structures in the same group were similar, except across individual genes. Excluding the first homoeologous group, the number in the other homoeologous groups was similar. The 2,000 bp promoter region of the TaSNARE genes were analyzed, and many W-box, MYB and disease-related cis-acting elements were identified. The qRT-PCR-based analysis of the SNARE genes revealed similar expression patterns of the same subfamily in one wheat variety. The expression patterns of the same gene in resistant/sensitive varieties largely differed at 6 h after infection, suggesting that SNARE proteins play an important role in early pathogen infection. Here, the identification and expression analysis of SNARE proteins provide a theoretical basis for studies of SNARE protein function and wheat resistance to powdery mildew.

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of SNARE Genes in Brassica napus

“…In many land plants, the number of identified SNAREs is between 50 and 70 [ 11 , 14 ]. Rice and Arabidopsis , which are both diploid, have a similar number of SNARE genes (60 and 64, respectively), while 173 SNAREs were found in wheat.…”

“…The specific interaction between v-(R)SNARE and a cognate set of t-(Q)SNAREs is an important part of the mechanisms that partly influence the accuracy of the transport. SNARE proteins form a superfamily of diverse proteins with at least 64 members in Arabidopsis thaliana [ 11 ], 60 members in rice [ 11 ], 63 members in tomato [ 12 ], 69 members in Populus trichocarpa [ 13 ], and 173 members in wheat [ 14 ]. Compared to other eukaryotes, plants so far have the highest number of identified SNAREs; Homo sapiens has 38 SNAREs [ 15 ], Drosophila melanogaster has 26 [ 16 ], and there are between 21 and 25 of them in Saccharomyces cerevisiae [ 17 , 18 ].…”

Genome-Wide Analysis of the SNARE Family in Cultivated Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Reveals That Some Members Are Involved in Stress Responses

“…Therefore, they are expected to be a target for crop breeding and improvement. The SNARE multigene family has been studied and analyzed in several plant species, for instance, Arabidopsis, rice [ 31 ], tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ) [ 13 ], olive rape ( Brassica napus ) [ 38 ] and wheat ( Triticum aestivum ) [ 39 ]. Peanut is a special leguminous crop with subterranean pods and high oil and protein contents.…”

“…Studies on the SNARE family in other species have indicated that the number of SNAREs may be relevant to plant polyploidy. For instance, there are 63 SNAREs in tomato (AB) [ 28 ] and 173 in wheat (AABBDD) [ 39 ]. In cultivated peanut ( A. hypogaea ), 90.0% of peanut SNARE s can be assigned to 1:1 homoeologous genes from A. duranensis and A. ipaensis [ 25 ].…”

Genome-wide identification of R-SNARE gene family in upland cotton and function analysis of GhVAMP72l response to drought stress

“…The SNARE gene family has not been extensively analyzed in plants, especially in cotton ( Wang et al., 2021 ; Xu et al., 2022 ). In the present study, we used Arabidopsis R-SNARE sequences as queries to identify 51 R-SNAREs in G. hirsutum .…”