“…There has been considerable progress in the functional characterization of ethylene in climacteric fruits, such as tomato (Solanum lycopersicum; Alexander & Grierson, 2002;Liu, Pirrello, Chervin, Roustan, & Bouzayen, 2015), and the elucidation of the roles of ABA in non-climacteric fruits, including strawberry (Fragaria ananassa; Rose & Shen, 2014). Notably, there is increasing evidence that polyamines (PAs) substantially affect fruit ripening (Kushad, Yelenosky, & Knight, 1988;Dibble, Davies, & Mutschler, 1988;Rodriguez, López, & Chaves, 1999;Lester, 2000; de Dios, Matilla, & Gallardo, 2006;Parra-Lobato et al, 2011;Koushesh, Arzani, & Barzegar, 2012;Gupta, Pal, & Rajam, 2013;Jiang et al, 2015;Fortes, Teixeira, & Agudelo-Romero, 2015;Simpson et al, 2017;Guo et al, 2018;Liu et al, 2018). Although PAs are important for strawberry fruit ripening, the molecular mechanisms underlying PA accumulation remain unclear.…”