Genome-wide methylation profiling and a multiplex construction for the identification of body fluids using epigenetic markers

DNA methylation profiling for a confirmatory test for blood, saliva, semen, vaginal fluid and menstrual blood

“…In addition, cg08792630 that had been proposed as a blood-specific marker by Park et al 7 [13] was confirmed to show methylation signal only in blood even when examined using the array data generated by Lee et al [14] (unpublished data). Forat et al [15] also reported CpG markers that show a methylation or unmethylaiton signal only in the target body fluids, but no marker overlaps were observed between Forat et al and the 2 previous studies [13,14].…”

“…Forat et al [15] also reported CpG markers that show a methylation or unmethylaiton signal only in the target body fluids, but no marker overlaps were observed between Forat et al and the 2 previous studies [13,14]. Nevertheless, a menstrual blood CpG marker was first reported by Forat et al, which suggests the need to further evaluate the marker.…”

“…To date, many CpG markers that show differential DNA methylation patterns in different types of body fluids have been identified through genome-wide DNA methylation profiling and gene-specific analysis [10][11][12][13][14][15]. Body fluid-specific hypo-or hypermethylation status, which does not give "on or off" signal, has attracted criticism when used for analysis of mixed samples, but 3 recent studies reported a set of CpG markers that show a methylation signal only in the target body fluids using Illumina's BeadChip array [13][14][15].…”

“…Body fluid-specific hypo-or hypermethylation status, which does not give "on or off" signal, has attracted criticism when used for analysis of mixed samples, but 3 recent studies reported a set of CpG markers that show a methylation signal only in the target body fluids using Illumina's BeadChip array [13][14][15]. From both of the 2 studies [13,14], cg17610929 and cg06379435 have been suggested as a semen-specific marker and a blood-specific marker, respectively.…”

Epigenetic age signatures in the forensically relevant body fluid of semen: a preliminary study

“…To test the accuracy of age calculator suggested by Horvath [15], we used the Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA) results for forensically relevant body fluids including 12 blood, 12 saliva and 12 semen samples that had been described in our previous report (GSE59505) [29]. DNA methylation data that were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/) were saved as a file with b-values in the comma delimited file (.csv file) format and were uploaded online according to the tutorial for the age calculation of the website (https://dnamage.…”