Genome-wide Study of SBT Genes in Eight Plant Species: Evolution and Expression Outlines for Development and Stress

Abstract

Background: Subtilisin-like proteases (or subtilases, SBT), a specific family of serine peptidases, are a very big family in plants. Previous studies showed association of SBTs with environment response and development. However, it is still unclear about the function and features of SBTs. Also, there is little information about SBTs classification or protein function research.Results: The characters of SBTs in eight plant species including Arabidopsis, rice, wheat etc. were analyzed. The analysis mainly contained evolutionary relationship, gene structure, chromosomal location, gene synteny and expression pattern. In short, the evolutionary trend of SBTs in the eight plant species was revealed. The expression pattern showed a scattered distribution of SBTs in diverse plant organs.Conclusions: Our results reveal classification, feature and expression pattern of SBT. Then the results might offer clues for future studies about SBTs and additionally related to their possible function in plants against stress and development.

Genome-Wide Identification, Phylogeny and Expression Analysis of Subtilisin (SBT) Gene Family under Wheat Biotic and Abiotic Stress

“…Studies of gene repetition events illustrate the potential spread mechanism of TaSBT, suggesting that duplicate gene pairs tend to come from the same subfamily (Figure 2). Gene structure and motif composition further demonstrated the relative conservatism among members of the same subfamily (Figure 3), and these results were consistent with previous studies [21].…”

“…In total, 218 TaSBTs possess a peptidase inhibitor I9 domain that plays a role in enzyme activation. Subcellular localization prediction analysis showed that TaSBTs were localized in chloroplasts (104), cell wall (58), vacuolar membrane (52), plasma membrane (21), endoplasmic reticulum (17), cytoplasm (15), and nucleus (8), with the largest number of loci in chloroplasts (Table S1).…”

“…The expression levels of six genes, TaSBT7, TaSBT26, TaSBT102, TaSBT111, TaSBT193, and TaSBT213, showed significant induction upon bacterial inoculation, and were preliminarily selected for future research. Numerous gene expression levels were significantly upregulated after inoculation with stripe rust (12), powdery mildew (17), wheat scab (31), stem rot (17) and wheat leaf blight (21), indicating that they may likely to be involved in the regulation of corresponding diseases. In addition to biological stress, wheat also faced a variety of abiotic stresses.…”

“…Wheat genome information was retrieved from the Ensembl Plants database [19]. PFAM [20] (https://pfam.xfam.org/; accessed on 5 January 2022) and the SBT domain (PF00082) [21] was obtained using the hidden Markov model (HMM) used in the HMMER3.0 [22] software. From the wheat-specific SBT-HMM model, SBTs with E-value < 0.001 were selected, using the HMM tool to search all possible SBT gene sequences in the wheat genome database.…”

Genome-Wide Identification and Comprehensive Analysis of the SBT Gene Family in Soybean (Glycine max)

“…The Hidden Markov Model (HMM) (Potter et al, 2018) for the Peptidase_S8 domain (PF00082) (Wen et al, 2020) was acquired from the Pfam database (Bateman, 2004) and utilized as a query to interrogate the soybean genome database retrieved from Ensembl Plants (Bolser et al, 2015). Concurrently, SBT protein sequences from Arabidopsis thaliana were sourced from the Arabidopsis Information Resource (TAIR) database (Lamesch et al, 2012) and subjected to BLASTP comparisons against the soybean protein database.…”