Genomic adaptation to drought in wild barley is driven by edaphic natural selection at the Tabigha Evolution Slope

Wang, Xiao Lei; Chen, Zhonghua; Yang, Chongyi; Zhang, Xuelei; Jin, Gulei; Chen, Guang; Wang, Yuanyuan; Holford, Paul; Nevo, Eviatar; Zhang, Guoping; Dai, Fei

doi:10.1073/pnas.1721749115

Cited by 66 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…These differences, especially in temperature, hotter chalk, and cooler basalt, might explain the earlier flowering of WB on the chalk population and later flowering of the basalt population leading to premating reproductive isolation as was shown in Ricotia lunaria at EC because of differential temperatures of the African and temperate ecotypes when grown in a common garden experiment (Qian et al, 2018). Similarly, wild barley on dry terra rossa matures much earlier than on the abutting humid basalt at Evolution Slope (Tabigha) (Wang et al, 2018). Likewise, the differential levels of gibberellins in chalk-basalt populations of WB affect their differential flowering time, that is, increase reproductive isolation.…”

Section: Genomic Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Incipient sympatric speciation in wild barley caused by geological-edaphic divergence

Ren

Song

et al. 2020

Life Sci. Alliance

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Sympatric speciation (SS) has been contentious since the idea was suggested by Darwin. Here, we show in wild barley SS due to geologic and edaphic divergence in “Evolution Plateau,” Upper Galilee, Israel. Our whole genome resequencing data showed SS separating between the progenitor old Senonian chalk and abutting derivative young Pleistocene basalt wild barley populations. The basalt wild barley species unfolds larger effective population size, lower recombination rates, and larger genetic diversity. Both species populations show similar descending trend ∼200,000 yr ago associated with the last glacial maximum. Coalescent demography analysis indicates that SS was local, primary, in situ, and not due to a secondary contact from ex situ allopatric population. Adaptive divergent putatively selected genes were identified in both populations. Remarkably, disease resistant genes were selected in the wet basalt population, and genes related to flowering time, leading to temporal reproductive isolation, were selected in the chalk population. The evidence substantiates adaptive ecological SS in wild barley, highlighting the genome landscape during SS with gene flow, due to geologic-edaphic divergence.

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Section: Genomic Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Incipient sympatric speciation in wild barley caused by geological-edaphic divergence

Ren

Song

et al. 2020

Life Sci. Alliance

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“…High cellular H 2 O 2 can generate more hydroxyl radicals, resulting in K + loss and programmed cell death (Apel and Hirt, 2004). Moreover, our previous study revealed that the drought-tolerant wild barley XZ5 has highly efficient in K + uptake and translocation mechanisms, especially under drought (Feng et al, 2016;He et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2018). Therefore, we hypothesized that HvAKT2 and HvHAK1 improve barley performance under drought.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

HvAKT2 and HvHAK1 confer drought tolerance in barley through enhanced leaf mesophyll H⁺ homoeostasis

Xue

Liu

Qiu

et al. 2020

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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Plant K + uptake typically consists low-affinity mechanisms mediated by Shaker K + channels (AKT/KAT/KC) and high-affinity mechanisms regulated by HAK/KUP/KT transporters, which are extensively studied. However, the evolutionary and genetic roles of both K + uptake mechanisms for drought tolerance are not fully explored in crops adapted to dryland agriculture. Here, we employed evolutionary bioinformatics, biotechnological and electrophysiological approaches to determine the role of two important K + transporters HvAKT2 and HvHAK1 in drought tolerance in barley. HvAKT2 and HvHAK1 were cloned and functionally characterized using barley stripe mosaic virus-induced gene silencing (BSMV-VIGS) in drought-tolerant wild barley XZ5 and agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer in the barley cultivar Golden Promise. The hallmarks of the K + selective filters of AKT2 and HAK1 are both found in homologues from strepotophyte algae, and they are evolutionarily conserved in strepotophyte algae and land plants. HvAKT2 and HvHAK1 are both localized to the plasma membrane and have high selectivity to K + and Rb + over other tested cations. Overexpression of HvAKT2 and HvHAK1 enhanced K + uptake and H + homoeostasis leading to drought tolerance in these transgenic lines. Moreover, HvAKT2-and HvHAK1-overexpressing lines showed distinct response of K + , H + and Ca 2+ fluxes across plasma membrane and production of nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide in leaves as compared to the wild type and silenced lines. High-and low-affinity K + uptake mechanisms and their coordination with H + homoeostasis play essential roles in drought adaptation of wild barley. These findings can potentially facilitate future breeding programs for resilient cereal crops in a changing global climate.

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“…However, important traits responsible for tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress are likely to have been lost during the domestication process. Breeders are refocusing on stress tolerance traits found in wild relatives of crops that remain undisturbed in their natural habitats to facilitate the breeding abiotic and biotic stress tolerant crops (Dai et al, 2014;Wang X. et al, 2018). Most research and breeding efforts toward developing salinity tolerant cultivated rice have focused on tolerance mechanisms at the seedling stage (Ismail et al, 2007).…”

Section: Utilizing Wild Oryza Germplasm For Breeding Salt-tolerant Rimentioning

confidence: 99%

Back to the Wild: On a Quest for Donors Toward Salinity Tolerant Rice

et al. 2020

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Salinity stress affects global food producing areas by limiting both crop growth and yield. Attempts to develop salinity-tolerant rice varieties have had limited success due to the complexity of the salinity tolerance trait, high variation in the stress response and a lack of available donors for candidate genes for cultivated rice. As a result, finding suitable donors of genes and traits for salinity tolerance has become a major bottleneck in breeding for salinity tolerant crops. Twenty-two wild Oryza relatives have been recognized as important genetic resources for quantitatively inherited traits such as resistance and/or tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses. In this review, we discuss the challenges and opportunities of such an approach by critically analyzing evolutionary, ecological, genetic, and physiological aspects of Oryza species. We argue that the strategy of rice breeding for better Na + exclusion employed for the last few decades has reached a plateau and cannot deliver any further improvement in salinity tolerance in this species. This calls for a paradigm shift in rice breeding and more efforts toward targeting mechanisms of the tissue tolerance and a better utilization of the potential of wild rice where such traits are already present. We summarize the differences in salinity stress adaptation amongst cultivated and wild Oryza relatives and identify several key traits that should be targeted in future breeding programs. This includes: (1) efficient sequestration of Na + in mesophyll cell vacuoles, with a strong emphasis on control of tonoplast leak channels; (2) more efficient control of xylem ion loading; (3) efficient cytosolic K + retention in both root and leaf mesophyll cells; and (4) incorporating Na + sequestration in trichrome. We conclude that while amongst all wild relatives, O. rufipogon is arguably a best source of germplasm at the moment, genes and traits from the wild relatives, O. coarctata, O. latifolia, and O. alta, should be targeted in future genetic programs to develop salt tolerant cultivated rice.

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Genomic adaptation to drought in wild barley is driven by edaphic natural selection at the Tabigha Evolution Slope

Cited by 66 publications

References 58 publications

Incipient sympatric speciation in wild barley caused by geological-edaphic divergence

Incipient sympatric speciation in wild barley caused by geological-edaphic divergence

HvAKT2 and HvHAK1 confer drought tolerance in barley through enhanced leaf mesophyll H⁺ homoeostasis

Back to the Wild: On a Quest for Donors Toward Salinity Tolerant Rice

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Genomic adaptation to drought in wild barley is driven by edaphic natural selection at the Tabigha Evolution Slope

Cited by 66 publications

References 58 publications

Incipient sympatric speciation in wild barley caused by geological-edaphic divergence

Incipient sympatric speciation in wild barley caused by geological-edaphic divergence

HvAKT2 and HvHAK1 confer drought tolerance in barley through enhanced leaf mesophyll H+ homoeostasis

Back to the Wild: On a Quest for Donors Toward Salinity Tolerant Rice

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HvAKT2 and HvHAK1 confer drought tolerance in barley through enhanced leaf mesophyll H⁺ homoeostasis