Genomic cloning and complete sequence analysis of a highly divergent African human immunodeficiency virus isolate

Haesevelde, M Vanden; Decourt, Jean-Luc; Leys, Remko; Vanderborght, Bart; Groen, G van der; Heuverswijn, Hugo Van; Saman, Eric

doi:10.1128/jvi.68.3.1586-1596.1994

Cited by 214 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Decreased or not detectable antibody reactivity related to a distant HIV-1 variant has been described [van den Haesevelde, 1994;Simon et al, 1998]. The nearly complete sequencing of the genome of HIV-G829 showed that this virus was a recombinant, mostly subtype A, whose nef gene related to subtype G, the most commonly prevalent genotypes in this area [Davies et al, 1999].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AIDS in an HIV-seronegative Ghanaian woman with intersubtype A/G recombinant HIV-1 infection

et al. 2000

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A 29-year-old Ghanaian woman who developed AIDS while being HIV-antibody seronegative was investigated during a collaborative study aimed at the identification of viral causes of a HIV-seronegative AIDS syndrome in West Africa. Plasma was screened with a panel of EIA tests for antibodies to HIV and HIV-1 p24 antigen. Retroviral infection was investigated by detection of reverse transcriptase (RT) activity in plasma, viral RNA amplification and quantification, and virus isolation. Positive amplification products were sequenced and phylogenetic analyses were carried out. Most EIA tests were unable to demonstrate the presence of anti-HIV anti-bodies, whereas confirmatory assays yielded inconclusive results. Retroviral infection was documented by detection of RT activity, HIV-1-specific genomic amplification and virus isolation. This virus was HIV-1 subtype A with an unusual six amino acid insertion in the gp120 V4 loop and with the nef gene of subtype G. The patient's plasma did not react with either autologous or heterologous viral lysates or HIV-1 peptides, whereas antibodies to other viral antigens were present. In conclusion, the Ghanaian patient exhibited a rare subtype A/G recombinant HIV-1 infection with a near absence of a HIV-specific humoral response. The lack of detectable antibody response might be due to either a highly pathogenic, rapidly fatal, HIV-1 infection preventing the development of the typical humoral immune response or to a host-related dysfunction of the immune system. Direct antigenemia or genomic detection of the virus should be undertaken when clinical or biological data suggests an HIV infection in the absence of serological evidence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AIDS in an HIV-seronegative Ghanaian woman with intersubtype A/G recombinant HIV-1 infection

et al. 2000

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“…The three isolates belong to different genetic groups. MN and VI525 belong to HIV-1 Group M, and CA9 belongs to HIV-1 Group O. Sequence analysis has shown that Group M and Group O show on average only 53-62% similarity in the nucleic acid sequence and 50% similarity in the amino acid sequence of env [Gü rtler et al, 1994;Vanden Haesevelde et al, 1994]. These data suggest that if a serum is able to neutralize three viruses belonging to genotypes with very low homology, that serum recognizes epitope(s) conserved among these divergent isolates and very likely also on other, less divergent isolates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ANT70 was classified as a Group O isolate based on the full genome sequence [Vanden Haesevelde et al, 1994].…”

Section: Phylogenetic Characterization Of Hiv-1 Virus Isolatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and characterization of sera from HIV-infected individuals with broad cross-neutralizing activity against group M (env clade A-H) and group O primary HIV-1 isolates

et al. 2000

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A previous study on cross-clade neutralization activity, identified three key isolates, MNlab (envB/gagB; X4 coreceptor), VI525 (envG/gagH, envA/gagA; R5X4) and CA9 (Group O; R5), that allowed discrimination of sera, likely or unlikely to neutralize primary HIV-1 isolates belonging to Group M (env clades A-H) and Group O. The prognostic ability of these three isolates was verified by means of an external validation on a different and larger set of sera. A total of 79 different sera (66 HIV-1, 10 HIV-2, 1 HIV-1+2 and 2 SIV(cpz)) were examined first for their capacity to neutralize the three key isolates, next sera were challenged against 12 other primary HIV-1 isolates of Group M (env A-H) and 2 isolates of Group O. Sera that neutralized all three isolates with an ID(50) titer of > or =1/40, also neutralized the 14 other primary isolates belonging to different genetic groups and clades. Sera that did not neutralize all three isolates did not exert broad cross-neutralizing activity. The neutralizing activity was antibody-mediated because it was absorbed and eluted from a Prot-G column. Competition-neutralization experiments using recombinant gp120 (HIV-1 MNlab) reduced the neutralizing capacity, suggesting that the neutralizing antibodies were directed against the Env protein. Remarkably, the broad cross-neutralization activity was found primarily in African female patients. In conclusion, this study confirms that three isolates are sufficient to allow identification of broad cross-neutralizing sera.

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“…These viruses are characterized by extensive alteration in their nucleotide sequence [Wong-Staal et al, 1995]. As a consequence, HIV-1 isolates have been subdivided into group M with at least eight genetic subtypes (A through H) [Myers et al, 1993] and group O [De Leys et al, 1990;Gurtler et al, 1994;Vanden Haesevelde et al, 1994]. HIV-1 group O isolates are highly divergent from group M isolates, differing by about 50-60% in the env gene Vanden Haesevelde et al, 1994].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virologic, immunologic, and clinical follow-up of a couple infected by the human immunodeficiency virus type one, group O

et al. 1997

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The pathogenic course (virologic, immunologic, and clinical changes) of infection due to human immunodeficiency virus type one (HIV-1) group O viruses is unknown at present. To address this issue, serial HIV-1 isolates from a married couple (patients A and B) infected with a group O virus were analyzed to determine the temporal association between disease status and alterations in several parameters including plasma viral burden as measured by semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction, changes in CD4+ T cells, presence of neutralizing antibodies, and the ability to induce syncytia on the MT2 cells. For patient A who has been asymptomatic for at least 8 years, both the absence of syncytium-inducing (SI) variants and the presence of autologous and heterologous neutralizing antibodies correlated with a clinically healthier status. In contrast, a switch from NSI to SI variants was observed in patient B in 1990, followed by an expanded in vitro host range, increased viral burden, and a sharp decrease in CD4+ T cells 4 years later. Moreover, plasma obtained from this patient uniformly failed to neutralize both autologous and heterologous viruses. These observations in patient B correlated with a slightly unfavorable clinical status. Based on our preliminary results, it appears that the pathogenic course of infections due to group O viruses is similar to that reported previously for infections due to group M viruses.

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Genomic cloning and complete sequence analysis of a highly divergent African human immunodeficiency virus isolate

Cited by 214 publications

References 68 publications

AIDS in an HIV-seronegative Ghanaian woman with intersubtype A/G recombinant HIV-1 infection

AIDS in an HIV-seronegative Ghanaian woman with intersubtype A/G recombinant HIV-1 infection

Identification and characterization of sera from HIV-infected individuals with broad cross-neutralizing activity against group M (env clade A-H) and group O primary HIV-1 isolates

Virologic, immunologic, and clinical follow-up of a couple infected by the human immunodeficiency virus type one, group O

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