Genomic epidemiology and resistant genes of Acinetobacter baumannii clinical strains in Vietnamese hospitals

Abstract

Introduction. Acinetobacter baumannii is a common cause of multidrug-resistant (MDR) nosocomial infections worldwide, including Vietnam. Hypothesis. Analysis of crucial genetic factors may link to epidemiological characteristics and antibiotic resistance of A. baumannii clinical strains in Vietnamese hospitals. Methodology. Fifty-one A. baumannii clinical strains from six different tertiary hospitals in Vietnam were analysed using whole genome sequencing (WGS), between 2017 and 2019. Results. Eleven sequence types (STs) were identified, including four STs reported for the first time in Vietnam based on the PubMLST database and three new STs not previously documented. ST1336, ST1260 and ST575 were found exclusively in Vietnam. These STs were widely distributed in all hospitals in Vietnam, with ST2 and ST571 being the most dominant. Resistant rates to eight antibiotics, belonging to four antibiotic groups, were very high (72.5–94.1 %) with high MIC values, while resistance to colistin was 29.4%. Fifty-one isolates were identified as MDR, with 100% (51/51) isolates carrying antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) genes, and 52 antibiotic-resistant genes were detected among these strains, including β-lactam (22 genes), chloramphenicol (5 genes), lincosamide (2 genes), aminoglycoside (11 genes), rifampicin (1 gene), quinolone (2 genes), sulfonamide and trimethoprim (4 genes) and tetracycline (5 genes) resistance. The most commonly found mobile structures carried partial or complete transposons: ISaba24/ISEc29/ISEc35 contains a series of antibiotic-resistant genes. Conclusion. The WGS results of the 51 strains of A. baumannii provided important information regarding the distribution of STs and associated antibiotic-resistant genes among A. baumannii strains.