Genomic epizootiology of a Brucella abortus outbreak in Northern Ireland (1997–2012)

Allen, Adrian; Milne, Georgina; Drees, Kevin P.; Presho, Eleanor; Graham, Jordon; McAdam, Paul R.; Jones, Kerri; Wright, Lorraine M.; Skuce, Robin; Whatmore, Adrian M.; Graham, J.; Foster, Jeffrey T.

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104235

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…However, this method showed some limitations, notably hyper-variability of some VNTR loci and homoplasy (convergent evolution). Thus, it is currently suggested that MLVA be replaced with WGS-based molecular tools to provide better resolution in discriminating genotypes [ 1 , 51 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole-Genome Sequencing for Tracing the Genetic Diversity of Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis Isolated from Livestock in Egypt

et al. 2021

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Brucellosis is a highly contagious zoonosis that occurs worldwide. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) has become a widely accepted molecular typing method for outbreak tracing and genomic epidemiology of brucellosis. Twenty-nine Brucella spp. (eight B. abortus biovar 1 and 21 B. melitensis biovar 3) were isolated from lymph nodes, milk, and fetal abomasal contents of infected cattle, buffaloes, sheep, and goats originating from nine districts in Egypt. The isolates were identified by microbiological methods and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Differentiation and genotyping were confirmed using multiplex PCR. Illumina MiSeq® was used to sequence the 29 Brucella isolates. Using MLST typing, ST11 and ST1 were identified among B. melitensis and B. abortus, respectively. Brucella abortus and B. melitensis isolates were divided into two main clusters (clusters 1 and 2) containing two and nine distinct genotypes by core-genome SNP analysis, respectively. The genotypes were irregularly distributed over time and space in the study area. Both Egyptian B. abortus and B. melitensis isolates proved to be genomically unique upon comparison with publicly available sequencing from strains of neighboring Mediterranean, African, and Asian countries. The antimicrobial resistance mechanism caused by mutations in rpoB, gyrA, and gyrB genes associated with rifampicin and ciprofloxacin resistance were identified. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study investigating the epidemiology of Brucella isolates from livestock belonging to different localities in Egypt based on whole genome analysis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole-Genome Sequencing for Tracing the Genetic Diversity of Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis Isolated from Livestock in Egypt

et al. 2021

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“…For B. abortus , we reinvestigated the genomes of 76 strains involved in brucellosis outbreaks in cattle in nine different locations related to Divisional Veterinary Offices (DVOs) in Northern Ireland from 1991 to 2011 ( 45 ). The strains had limited genetic distances and were previously characterized with classical MLVA and WGS-based SNP analysis ( 45 , 64 ). Two phylogenetic lineages were characterized, a small lineage of 4 strains and a large lineage of 72 strains.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To evaluate the scheme for outbreak analysis, we reinvestigated published outbreak strains including 37 B. melitensis strains involved in outbreaks in central Italy ( 35 ), and a further 76 B. abortus strains implicated in several outbreaks in Northern Ireland ( 45 ) (Table S1a). The raw reads were obtained from the SRA database and processed using fastp v0.20, shovill v1.0.4, Quast v4.3, and Mash v2.1 as mentioned above.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Core Genome Multilocus Sequence Typing Scheme for Improved Characterization and Epidemiological Surveillance of Pathogenic Brucella

et al. 2022

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“…First, since our data were passively collected by each county's Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the quality of the surveillance data was influenced by the capacity of local health workers and availability of laboratory diagnostics equipment, which led to unbalanced sample sizes. Second, genome sequence data suggesting hyper‐variability in some MLVA loci contributed to an overestimation of pathogen diversity in the most recent outbreak (Allen et al., 2020). The whole‐genome SNP phylogenetic analysis is a powerful tool for intraspecies discrimination of closely related strains (Tan et al., 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence trend of human brucellosis and MLVA genotyping characteristics of Brucella melitensis in Shaanxi Province, China, during 2008–2020

Chen

Nie

Sun

et al. 2021

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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In this study, a total of 179,907 blood samples from populations with suspected Brucella spp. infections were collected between 2008 and 2020 and analyzed by the Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT) and serum agglutination test (SAT). Moreover, conventional biotyping, B. abortus‐melitensis‐ovis‐suis polymerase chain reaction (AMOS‐PCR), and multiple‐locus variable‐number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) was applied to characterize the isolated strains. A total of 8103 (4.50%) samples were positive in RBPT, while 7705 (4.28%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.19–4.37) samples were positive in SAT. There was a significant difference in seroprevalence for human brucellosis over time, in different areas and different cities (districts) (χ2 = 2 = 32.23, 1984.14, and 3749.51, p < .05). The highest seropositivity (8.22% (4, 965/60393; 95% CI 8.00–8.44) was observed in Yulin City, which borders Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, and Gansu Province, China, regions that have a high incidence of human brucellosis. Moreover, 174 Brucella strains were obtained, including nine with B. melitensis bv. 1, 145 with B. melitensis bv. 3, and 20 with B. melitensis variants. After random selection, 132 B. melitensis were further genotyped using MLVA‐16. The 132 strains were sorted into 100 MLVA‐16 genotypes (GTs) (GT 1–100), 81 of which were single GTs represented by singular independent strains. The remaining 19 shared GTs involved 51 strains, and each GT included two to seven isolates from the Shaan northern and Guanzhong areas. These data indicated that although sporadic cases were a dominant epidemic characteristic of human brucellosis in this province, more than 38.6% (51/132) outbreaks were also found in the Shaan northern area and Guanzhong areas. The 47 shared MLVA‐16 GTs were observed in strains (n = 71) from this study and strains (n = 337) from 19 other provinces of China. These data suggest that strains from the northern provinces are a potential source of human brucellosis cases in Shaanxi Province. It is urgent to strengthen the surveillance and control of the trade and transfer of infected sheep among regions.

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Genomic epizootiology of a Brucella abortus outbreak in Northern Ireland (1997–2012)

Cited by 14 publications

References 40 publications

Whole-Genome Sequencing for Tracing the Genetic Diversity of Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis Isolated from Livestock in Egypt

Whole-Genome Sequencing for Tracing the Genetic Diversity of Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis Isolated from Livestock in Egypt

Core Genome Multilocus Sequence Typing Scheme for Improved Characterization and Epidemiological Surveillance of Pathogenic Brucella

Seroprevalence trend of human brucellosis and MLVA genotyping characteristics of Brucella melitensis in Shaanxi Province, China, during 2008–2020

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