Genomic insights into the emergence and spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in veterinary clinics

Papić, Bojan; Golob, Majda; Zdovc, Irena; Kušar, Darja; Avberšek, Jana

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109119

Cited by 19 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…On the other hand, of all the strains obtained 20 of them were MDR. Previously, it has been reported that 55% of the isolates of S. aureus and S. pseudointermedius obtained from pets were MDR [6], while other authors have obtained these results in 100% of the strains [5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The genus Staphylococcus is composed of Gram-positive and facultative anaerobic bacteria present in cutaneous and mucous membrane microbiota of mammals and birds [1,2]. The genus includes clinically relevant opportunistic pathogens in both human and veterinary medicine [3][4][5][6]. The species belonging to this genus have traditionally been grouped and differentiated according to the production of the enzyme coagulase, capable of converting fibrinogen into fibrin, a characteristic that is easily detectable in the laboratory and allows for a practical classification [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The bacterium can produce infections in humans associated with skin and soft tissue, pneumonia, septicemia and osteomyelitis [19], which have also been reported in animals [20]. However, S. pseudointermedius nevertheless is a common cause of skin and soft tissue infections in dogs, cats and humans [5,6,21]. In recent years, CoNS species, such as S. epidermidis [22][23][24], S. haemolyticus [25] and S. lugdunensis [26], have also been associated with opportunistic infections in humans [12,23,[27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transmission of commensal Staphylococcus spp., including those resistant to methicillin and other antibiotics, has been recognized from animals to humans and vice versa [35], particularly among domestic animals and their owners [32,[36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44]. Importantly, the transmission also occurs among staff working in veterinary hospitals and their patients, as well as among patients who are in the same hospital [5,[45][46][47][48][49][50]. The objective of this study was to isolate and identify Staphylococcus spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isolation and Identification of Staphylococcus Species Obtained from Healthy Companion Animals and Humans

Thomson

García

Miles

et al. 2022

Veterinary Sciences

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The close contact between people and their pets has generated the exchange of skin microbiota, accompanied by bacteria that present resistance to antibiotics. Staphylococcus spp., opportunistic pathogens present in the skin and mucosa of mammals, have had their importance recognized in human and veterinary medicine. The objectives of this study were to identify Staphylococcus spp. present in isolates from the nostrils of healthy humans, dogs and cats as well as to determine their phenotype of resistance to methicillin. Strain identification was performed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using a disk diffusion assay for 12 antibiotics. Sixty humans (veterinary and technicians), sixty dogs and sixty cats were sampled; of them, 61.6%, 56.6% and 46.6%, respectively, carried Staphylococcus spp. in their nostrils, and only two people carried two different species of Staphylococcus in the only anatomical site sampled. A methicillin-resistant phenotype was present in 48.7% of the humans, 26.5% of the dogs and 57.1% of the cats, and sampled. These results demonstrate the presence of Staphylococcus spp. strains resistant to methicillin in personnel who work in contact with animals, as well as in dogs and cats that entered the same hospital or veterinary clinic, which alerts us to the potential transfer of these strains to or between people, dogs and/or cats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isolation and Identification of Staphylococcus Species Obtained from Healthy Companion Animals and Humans

Thomson

García

Miles

et al. 2022

Veterinary Sciences

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“…In over a decade, the number of canine MRSP strains in Slovenia has been steadily rising. Moreover, the multidrug-resistant isolates to five or more antimicrobial groups, including oxacillin, penicillin, clindamycin, erythromycin, and trimethoprim, are prevalent [19]. If AST results allow, clinicians often rely on doxycycline for MRSP infection treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Accurate Are Veterinary Clinicians Employing Flexicult Vet for Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Urinary Bacteria?

Cugmas

Avberšek²,

Rosa³

et al. 2021

Antibiotics

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Antibiotics are frequently used for treating urinary tract infections (UTI) in dogs and cats. UTI often requires time-consuming and expensive antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST). Alternatively, clinicians can employ Flexicult Vet, an affordable chromogenic agar with added antibiotics for in-clinic AST. We investigated how well veterinary microbiologists and clinicians, without any prior experience, employ Flexicult Vet for the identification and AST of the most common canine and feline urinary pathogenic bacteria. We prepared 47 monoculture plates containing 10 bacterial species. The test’s mean accuracy was 75.1% for bacteria identification (84.6% and 68.7% for microbiologists and clinicians, respectively) and 79.2% for AST (80.7% and 78.2%). All evaluators employed Flexicult Vet with the accuracies over 90% for the distinctively colored bacteria like Escherichia coli (red), Enterococcus faecalis (turquoise), and Proteus spp. (pale brown). However, the evaluators’ experience proved important in recognizing lightly colored bacteria like Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (accuracies of 82.6% and 40.3%). Misidentifications of E. faecium additionally worsened AST performance since bacterial intrinsic resistance could not be considered. Finally, only 33.3% (3/9) of methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP) were correctly detected. To conclude, Flexicult Vet proved reliable for certain urinary pathogens. In contrast, light-colored bacteria (e.g., Staphylococcus), often misidentified, require a standard AST.

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In vitro activity of selected antimicrobials against methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius of canine origin in Poland

Kizerwetter‐Świda,

Chrobak‐Chmiel,

Stefańska

et al. 2024

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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BackgroundMethicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) is an important veterinary pathogen. In general, only a few antimicrobials show in vitro activity against MRSP isolates.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to determine the in vitro activity of selected antimicrobials, including last‐choice drugs, against clinical MRSP isolates of canine origin. The activity of 10 selected agents was evaluated against 41 clinical MRSP isolates.MethodsThe disk diffusion method and minimal inhibitory concentration values were used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST). The guidelines for staphylococci of canine or human origin were employed for the interpretation of the results.ResultsAmong the examined MRSP isolates, resistance to enrofloxacin and clindamycin was the most prevalent (n = 40; 97.6%). Resistance to doxycycline and gentamicin was observed in 83.0% (n = 34) and 68.3% (n = 28) of the isolates, respectively. Single isolates were resistant to chloramphenicol (n = 5; 12.2%) and rifampicin (n = 3; 7.3%), whereas all showed susceptibility to amikacin, vancomycin, mupirocin and linezolid. Predominantly, the results of AST obtained by both methods were consistent. Some discrepancies were observed for gentamicin; however, clinical breakpoints for staphylococci of human origin were used.ConclusionsAmikacin and chloramphenicol constitute potential treatment options in infections caused by MRSP and may be included in extended susceptibility testing in our geographical region. The determination of clinical breakpoints for some antimicrobials not incorporated in the recommendations should be a high priority in the veterinary diagnostics.

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Genomic insights into the emergence and spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in veterinary clinics

Cited by 19 publications

References 36 publications

Isolation and Identification of Staphylococcus Species Obtained from Healthy Companion Animals and Humans

Isolation and Identification of Staphylococcus Species Obtained from Healthy Companion Animals and Humans

How Accurate Are Veterinary Clinicians Employing Flexicult Vet for Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Urinary Bacteria?

In vitro activity of selected antimicrobials against methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius of canine origin in Poland

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