Genomic Potential of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in Bioremediation with an Assessment of Its Multifaceted Role in Our Environment

Abstract

The gram negative bacterium Stenotrophomonas is rapidly evolving as a nosocomial pathogen in immuno-compromised patients. Treatment of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections is problematic because of their increasing resistance to multiple antibiotics. This article aims to review the multi-disciplinary role of Stenotrophomonas in our environment with special focus on their metabolic and genetic potential in relation to bioremediation and phytoremediation. Current and emerging treatments and diagnosis for patients infected with S. maltophilia are discussed besides their capability of production of novel bioactive compounds. The plant growth promoting characteristics of this bacterium has been considered with special reference to secondary metabolite production. Nano-particle synthesis by Stenotrophomonas has also been reviewed in addition to their applications as effective biocontrol agents in plant and animal pathogenesis.

Isolation and Characterization of Biosurfactant-Producing Bacteria Isolated From Petroleum Contaminated Sites With the Potential to Be Used in Bioremediation

“…Stenotrophomonas also had been isolated from petroleum and refinery site and was confirmed of its ability to degrade Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE)-contaminated water [31]. Furthermore, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was also being used together with other bacteria in biodegradation of oil residues from petroleum refinement and other bioremediation and phytoremediation studies [32,33].…”

The role of surface copper content on biofilm formation by drinking water bacteria

“…Moreover, S. maltophilia is widespread in the environment and has an intrinsic multidrug resistance prole hindering infections treatment. [50][51][52] The selection of pipe materials is a critical aspect for the chemical and microbiological stability of plumbing systems. Several characteristics should be ensured to guarantee a safe plumbing system: controlled microbial proliferationincluding biolm development; no leaching of products to the drinking water; low installation and material costs; and high life-time.…”

“…Previous studies already described some strains of S. maltophilia tolerant to copper and able to bioremediate this metal. 52,60,61 Moreover, S. maltophilia biolms were found to be more tolerant to antimicrobials than these of A. calcoaceticus. 62,63 It is important to highlight that copper materials reduced signicantly the culturability for all the scenarios tested, even when using the alloy with the lowest copper content.…”

Genomic Analysis of Plant-Associated Bacteria and Their Potential in Enhancing Phytoremediation Efficiency

“…It is often associated with plants residing in rhizosphere and in internal tissues of its host [Huang et al 2009; Mukherjee and Roy 2016]. S. maltophilia is also an emerging global opportunistic nosocomial pathogen.…”

“…S. maltophilia is also an emerging global opportunistic nosocomial pathogen. Treatment of S. maltophilia infection is challenging because of its intrinsic resistance to broad array of antibiotics ; Mukherjee and Roy 2016]. Multi-drug resistance favors survival and growth in highly competitive soil and plant related environment.…”