Genomic resources in mungbean for future breeding programs

Abstract

Among the legume family, mungbean (Vigna radiata) has become one of the important crops in Asia, showing a steady increase in global production. It provides a good source of protein and contains most notably folate and iron. Beyond the nutritional value of mungbean, certain features make it a well-suited model organism among legume plants because of its small genome size, short life-cycle, self-pollinating, and close genetic relationship to other legumes. In the past, there have been several efforts to develop molecular markers and linkage maps associated with agronomic traits for the genetic improvement of mungbean and, ultimately, breeding for cultivar development to increase the average yields of mungbean. The recent release of a reference genome of the cultivated mungbean (V. radiata var. radiata VC1973A) and an additional de novo sequencing of a wild relative mungbean (V. radiata var. sublobata) has provided a framework for mungbean genetic and genome research, that can further be used for genome-wide association and functional studies to identify genes related to specific agronomic traits. Moreover, the diverse gene pool of wild mungbean comprises valuable genetic resources of beneficial genes that may be helpful in widening the genetic diversity of cultivated mungbean. This review paper covers the research progress on molecular and genomics approaches and the current status of breeding programs that have developed to move toward the ultimate goal of mungbean improvement.

Ultrasound assisted extraction of polyphenols and their distribution in whole mung bean, hull and cotyledon

“…The world's 90 % of mung bean is produced by southern and eastern Asian countries followed by Australia, Canada, Southern Europe and Southern United States (Nair et al 2013;Kim et al 2015). Mung bean is not only low price legume, rich source of carbohydrates, protein, essential amino acids, minerals and vitamins but it also contains polyphenols like phenolic acids and flavonoids which are beneficial for curing and preventing major chronical ailments viz.…”

Transcriptomic Profiling Reveals Metabolic and Regulatory Pathways in the Desiccation Tolerance of Mungbean (Vigna radiata [L.] R. Wilczek)

“…Mungbean seeds provide a good source of dietary protein and contain higher levels of folate and iron than most other legumes (Keatinge et al, 2011). Mungbean can be processed into flour, soups, porridge and ice cream, making it highly versatile for the human diet, while the forage is beneficial to sheep (Kim et al, 2015). Due to the valuable nutritional and health benefits, great interest in genetic and genomic analyses of the mungbean was aroused for people in developing countries.…”

“…However, not much progress has been performed in downstream analysis using the mungbean genome sequences (Kim et al, 2015). With the advent of next-generation sequencing, RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) has been used for annotation, gene discovery, and to provide an abundance of genomic resources, including EST-SSR markers (Chen et al, 2015).…”

“…However, the molecular mechanism of mungbean seed DT is still largely unknown (Kim et al, 2015). In this study, we attempt to investigate the transcriptome dynamics of mungbean seeds in response to dehydration using RNA-seq.…”

Gene Duplication to Reveal Adaptation Clue of Plant to Environmental Stress: A Case Study of NBS-LRR Genes in Soybean

“…Synteny blocks consisting of QTLs responsible for bruchid resistance matched soybean synteny blocks locating SSR markers associated with nematode resistance QTLs . More than 1100 QTLs and 60,000 protein-coding loci are beneficial to reveal stress-response genes, which have been built into soybean databases (www.phytozome.net/soybean; http://soybase.org) and elucidated for their syntenies within duplication regions in soybean and with other legumes (Kang et al, 2012(Kang et al, , 2014(Kang et al, , 2015Kim et al, 2015;Lestari et al, 2013). Syntenic QTL regions have been detected between chromosome pairs in soybean genome, showing duplicated genes clustered in homeologous QTLs to be possibly associated with environmental specific regulation as demonstrated in chromosomes 6 and 13 .…”