Genomic RNA sequence of Feline coronavirus strain FIPV WSU-79/1146

Dye, Charlotte; Siddell, Stuart G.

doi:10.1099/vir.0.80985-0

Cited by 48 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The putative core sequence 59-CUAAAC-39 in the transcription regulatory sequence (TRS), which was identified in other group 1 CoVs (Dye & Siddell, 2005;Hiscox et al, 1995;Lau et al, 2007;Pyrc et al, 2004), is present in the leader TRSs of the studied genomes. They start at position 67 in BtCoV 1A and position 68 in both BtCoV 1B and HKU8.…”

Section: Coronavirus (Cov) Is a Genus Of Viruses In The Familymentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The ORF7ab of FIPV has been suggested to affect virulence (Haijema et al, 2004). However, there is no significant sequence similarity between these ORFs and it is likely that these viruses have acquired their unique ORFs from different sources.The putative core sequence 59-CUAAAC-39 in the transcription regulatory sequence (TRS), which was identified in other group 1 CoVs (Dye & Siddell, 2005;Hiscox et al, 1995;Lau et al, 2007;Pyrc et al, 2004), is present in the leader TRSs of the studied genomes. They start at position 67 in BtCoV 1A and position 68 in both BtCoV 1B and HKU8.…”

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confidence: 82%

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Genomic characterizations of bat coronaviruses (1A, 1B and HKU8) and evidence for co-infections in Miniopterus bats

Chu

Peiris

Chen

et al. 2008

Journal of General Virology

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We previously reported the detection of bat coronaviruses (bat CoVs 1A, 1B, HKU7, HKU8 and bat-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus) in Miniopterus spp. that cohabit a cave in Hong Kong. Here, we report the full genomic sequences of bat CoVs 1A, 1B and HKU8. Bat CoVs 1A and 1B, which are commonly found in the Miniopterus, are phylogenetically closely related. Using species-specific RT-PCR assays, bat CoVs 1A and 1B were confirmed to have distinct host specificities to Miniopterus magnater and Miniopterus pusillus, respectively. Interestingly, co-infections of bat CoVs 1B and HKU8 in M. pusillus are detected in seven of 38 virus-positive specimens collected from 2004 to 2006. These findings highlight that co-infections of some coronaviruses might be common events in nature. The biological basis for the host restriction of bat coronaviruses, however, is yet to be determined. Coronavirus (CoV) is a genus of viruses in the familyCoronaviridae under the order Nidovirales. Based on antigenic and genetic analyses, CoVs are divided into three major groups. The viruses have positive-sense, singlestranded RNA genomes with sizes ranging from 27000 to 32000 nt (Gorbalenya et al., 2006). Their genomes are polycistronic and contain at least five major open reading frames (ORFs) with the characteristic gene order [59-replicase (rep), spike (S), envelope (E), membrane (M) and nucleocapsid (N)-39]. The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak in 2003 highlighted the potential health threat of coronaviruses to humans (Peiris et al., 2003). This prompted an intensive search for the precursor of SARS CoV in wildlife and the discovery of several novel CoVs in bats in China, including the viruses that are closely related to SARS CoV (Dong et al., 2007;Lau et al., 2005;Poon et al., 2005;Tang et al., 2006;Woo et al., 2006). Recently, the biological importance of bats for the ecology of coronaviruses was further reiterated by the discovery of novel bat CoVs (BtCoVs) in other continents (Dominguez et al., 2007;Muller et al., 2007).We previously reported the discovery of the first BtCoV (Poon et al., 2005). In addition, we also performed a longitudinal study on Miniopterus magnater and Miniopterus pusillus bats that cohabit an abandoned cave in Hong Kong (Chu et al., 2006). BtCoV HKU7 and bat-SARS-CoV were detected only once in our specimens, while BtCoVs 1A, 1B and HKU8 were detected repeatedly in these bats. A clear host species restriction was observed with BtCoV 1A being found in M. magnater and BtCoV 1B in M. pusillus even though these two CoVs are genetically very similar and the two bat species co-inhabit the same cave. Thus, these virus surveillance studies might allow unique opportunities to understand better the dynamics and prevalence of coronaviruses within a single geographical location. To understand better the genetic relationships of the BtCoVs that are repeatedly found in the local Miniopterus spp, representative faecal samples positive for BtCoVs 1A, 1B and HKU8 in our previous investigations were selec...

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Section: Coronavirus (Cov) Is a Genus Of Viruses In The Familymentioning

confidence: 82%

mentioning

confidence: 82%

Genomic characterizations of bat coronaviruses (1A, 1B and HKU8) and evidence for co-infections in Miniopterus bats

Chu

Peiris

Chen

et al. 2008

Journal of General Virology

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“…This induces production of several antiviral proteins that have roles in combating viruses or blocking protein synthesis in response to new viral infection (Goodbourn et al, 2000). As ORF7 is located at the 3 0 far end of the viral genome, where transcription starts (Dye and Siddell, 2005), 7a and 7b mRNA is produced at the very beginning of replication, indicating an early translation of proteins 7a and 7b. It is likely that these proteins interfere quickly with one or more effects of IFN in newly infected cells and as such inhibiting the antiviral response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Feline coronaviruses (FCoVs) are enveloped viruses with a large positive-stranded RNA genome of about 30 kb (Dye and Siddell, 2005). The 5 0 two-thirds of the genome encodes for polypeptides that are subsequently cleaved by viral proteinases to yield 16 functional proteins, mainly involved in viral RNA synthesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of accessory proteins in the replication of feline infectious peritonitis virus in peripheral blood monocytes

Dedeurwaerder

Desmarets

Olyslaegers

et al. 2013

Veterinary Microbiology

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The ability to productively infect monocytes/macrophages is the most important difference between the low virulent feline enteric coronavirus (FECV) and the lethal feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV). In vitro, the replication of FECV in peripheral blood monocytes always drops after 12h post inoculation, while FIPV sustains its replication in the monocytes from 45% of the cats. The accessory proteins of feline coronaviruses have been speculated to play a prominent role in virulence as deletions were found to be associated with attenuated viruses. Still, no functions have been ascribed to them. In order to investigate if the accessory proteins of FIPV are important for sustaining its replication in monocytes, replication kinetics were determined for FIPV 79-1146 and its deletion mutants, lacking either accessory protein open reading frame 3abc (FIPV-Δ3), 7ab (FIPV-Δ7) or both (FIPV-Δ3Δ7). Results showed that the deletion mutants FIPV-Δ7 and FIPV-Δ3Δ7 could not maintain their replication, which was in sharp contrast to wt-FIPV. FIPV-Δ3 could still sustain its replication, but the percentage of infected monocytes was always lower compared to wt-FIPV. In conclusion, this study showed that ORF7 is crucial for FIPV replication in monocytes/macrophages, giving an explanation for its importance in vivo, its role in the development of FIP and its conservation in field strains. The effect of an ORF3 deletion was less pronounced, indicating only a supportive role of ORF3 encoded proteins during the infection of the in vivo target cell by FIPVs.

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“…As siRNA L2 targets the leader sequence in the 5 0 UTR there are no associated amino acid changes as a result of these mutations. The L2 target site is however located within the putative leader-TRS hairpin, thought to be an important cis-acting element (Dye and Siddell, 2005), as well as incorporating several nucleotides of the proximal end of the transcriptional regulatory sequence.…”

Section: Viral Escape From Sirna Mediated Inhibitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination siRNA therapy against feline coronavirus can delay the emergence of antiviral resistance in vitro

McDonagh

Sheehy

Norris

2015

Veterinary Microbiology

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Virulent biotypes of feline coronavirus (FCoV), commonly referred to as feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV), can result in the development of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), a typically fatal immune mediated disease for which there is currently no effective antiviral treatment. We previously reported the successful in vitro inhibition of FIPV replication by synthetic siRNA mediated RNA interference (RNAi) in an immortalised cell line (McDonagh et al., 2011). A major challenge facing the development of any antiviral strategy is that of resistance, a problem which is particularly acute for RNAi based therapeutics due to the exquisite sequence specificity of the targeting mechanism. The development of resistance during treatment can be minimised using combination therapy to raise the genetic barrier or using highly potent compounds which result in a more rapid and pronounced reduction in the viral replication rate, thereby reducing the formation of mutant, and potentially resistant viruses. This study investigated the efficacy of combination siRNA therapy and its ability to delay or prevent viral escape. Virus serially passaged through cells treated with a single or dual siRNAs rapidly acquired resistance, with mutations identified in the siRNA target sites. Combination therapy with three siRNA prevented viral escape over the course of five passages. To identify more potent silencing molecules we also compared the efficacy, in terms of potency and duration of action, of canonical versus Dicer-substrate siRNAs for two previously identified effective viral motifs. Dicer-substrate siRNAs showed equivalent or better potency than canonical siRNAs for the target sites investigated, and may be a more appropriate molecule for in vivo use. Combined, these data inform the potential therapeutic application of antiviral RNAi against FIPV.

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Genomic RNA sequence of Feline coronavirus strain FIPV WSU-79/1146

Cited by 48 publications

References 30 publications

Genomic characterizations of bat coronaviruses (1A, 1B and HKU8) and evidence for co-infections in Miniopterus bats

Genomic characterizations of bat coronaviruses (1A, 1B and HKU8) and evidence for co-infections in Miniopterus bats

The role of accessory proteins in the replication of feline infectious peritonitis virus in peripheral blood monocytes

Combination siRNA therapy against feline coronavirus can delay the emergence of antiviral resistance in vitro

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