Genomic signatures of host adaptation in group B Salmonella enterica ST416/ST417 from harbour porpoises

Sandholt, Arnar K. S.; Neimanis, Aleksija; Roos, Anna; Eriksson, Jenny; Söderlund, Robert

doi:10.1186/s13567-021-01001-0

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Bacteria responsible for pneumonia are consistent with reports from other European countries [6,8,31,32] and streptococcal bacteria were most common as described by Swenshon et al [33]. Notably, a porpoise-adapted strain of Salmonella enterica (group B Salmonella enterica ST416/ST417) previously documented and definitively confirmed only in porpoises from British waters [34] was isolated for the first time in Sweden in two separate cases [16]. Host-adaptation resulted in the loss of numerous genes typically associated with increase pathogenicity, but serious, opportunistic infection was documented in one of the porpoises in this study [16].…”

Section: Infectious Diseasesupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Notably, a porpoise-adapted strain of Salmonella enterica (group B Salmonella enterica ST416/ST417) previously documented and definitively confirmed only in porpoises from British waters [34] was isolated for the first time in Sweden in two separate cases [16]. Host-adaptation resulted in the loss of numerous genes typically associated with increase pathogenicity, but serious, opportunistic infection was documented in one of the porpoises in this study [16]. The zoonotic potential of this Salmonella species is not known.…”

Section: Infectious Diseasementioning

confidence: 61%

“…Any Salmonella sp. isolates were further characterized as described in Sandholt et al [16]. Additionally, one porpoise had lesions suggestive of Brucella infection in the testis and tissue was submitted for selective Brucella culture.…”

Section: Bacteriologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Causes of Death and Pathological Findings in Stranded Harbour Porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) from Swedish Waters

Neimanis

Stavenow

Ågren

et al. 2022

Animals

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Harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) are useful indicators of the health of their wild populations and marine ecosystems, yet their elusive nature makes studying them in their natural environment challenging. Stranded porpoises provide an excellent source of data to study the health and biology of these animals and identify causes of death, diseases and other threats. The aim of this study was to document pathology, and where possible, cause of death in porpoises from Swedish waters. Post-mortem examinations were performed on 128 stranded porpoises collected from 2006 to 2020. Overall, bycatch including definitive and probable cases was the most common cause of death (31.4%), followed by disease (21.3%), predominantly pneumonia. In adults, infectious disease was the most common cause of death. Bacteria with zoonotic potential such as Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae and Brucella sp. were documented for the first time in porpoises from Swedish waters, as was the porpoise-adapted group B Salmonella enterica ST416/ST417. Three of four deaths from non-infectious diseases involved parturition complications. Four cases of suspected predation were documented, but further analyses are required to confirm these findings. Our results are consistent with those from other regions in Europe and serve as a reference for future monitoring for changing patterns of health and disease of porpoises and their environments.

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Section: Infectious Diseasesupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Infectious Diseasementioning

confidence: 61%

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Causes of Death and Pathological Findings in Stranded Harbour Porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) from Swedish Waters

Neimanis

Stavenow

Ågren

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…Among the aquatic mammals, the harbour porpoise ( Phocoena phocoena ), which is distributed in the coastal waters of the Northern Atlantic and Pacific, has been identified as sentinels of the marine ecosystems (Sandholt et al., 2021 ). A monophasic group B S. enterica subsp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrospective study on the occurrence of Salmonella serotypes in veterinary specimens of Atlantic Canada (2012–2021)

Ojha,

Thakur,

Ojasanya

et al. 2024

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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AimThis study aimed to summarize the frequency and the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of the Salmonella serotypes identified from the specimens of companion animals, livestock, avian, wildlife and exotic species within Atlantic Canada.Materials and MethodsThe retrospective electronic laboratory data of microbiological analyses of a selected subset of samples from 03 January 2012 to 29 December 2021 submitted from various animal species were retrieved. The frequency of Salmonella serotypes identified, and their antimicrobial susceptibility results obtained using the disk diffusion or broth method were analysed. The test results were interpreted according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute standard. The Salmonella serotypes were identified by slide agglutination (Kauffman–White‐Le‐Minor Scheme) and/or the Whole Genome Sequencing for the Salmonella in silico Serovar Typing Resource–based identification.ResultsOf the cases included in this study, 4.6% (n = 154) had at least one Salmonella isolate, corresponding to 55 different serovars. Salmonella isolation was highest from exotic animal species (n = 40, 1.20%), followed by porcine (n = 26, 0.78%), and canine (n = 23, 0.69%). Salmonella subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium was predominant among exotic mammals, porcine and caprine samples, whereas S. Enteritidis was mostly identified in bovine and canine samples. S. Typhimurium of porcine origin was frequently resistant (>70.0%) to ampicillin. In contrast, S. Typhimurium isolates from porcine and caprine samples were susceptible (>70.0%) to florfenicol. S. Oranienburg from equine samples was susceptible to chloramphenicol, but frequently resistant (>90.0%) to azithromycin. In avian samples, S. Copenhagen was susceptible (>90.0%) to florfenicol, whereas Muenchen was frequently resistant (>90.0%) to florfenicol. S. subsp. diarizonae serovar IIIb:61:k:1,5 of ovine origin was resistant (50.0% isolates) to sulfadimethoxine. No significant changes were observed in the antibiotic resistance profiles across the study years.ConclusionsThis report provides data for surveillance studies, distribution of Salmonella serotypes and their antimicrobial resistance among veterinary specimens of Atlantic Canada.

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“…Unfortunately, not much appears known about this IS except its connection to the E. cloace complex and that it appears to be first detected in this complex. 1 In Sweden, ISEae1 has also been identified in connection with a pathogenicity island in a group B Salmonella enterica isolated from porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) (Sandholt et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of an IMI-2 carbapenemase-producing Enterobacter asburiae at a Swedish feed mill

et al. 2022

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Occurrence of multidrug resistant Enterobacteriaceae in livestock is of concern as they can spread to humans. A potential introduction route for these bacteria to livestock could be animal feed. We therefore wanted to identify if Escherichia spp., Enterobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., or Raoutella spp. with transferable resistance to extended spectrum cephalosporins, carbapenems or colistin could be detected in the environment at feed mills in Sweden. A second aim was to compare detected isolates to previous described isolates from humans and animals in Sweden to establish relatedness which could indicate a potential transmission between sectors and feed mills as a source for antibiotic resistant bacteria. However, no isolates with transferable resistance to extended-cephalosporins or colistin could be identified, but one isolate belonging to the Enterobacter cloacae complex was shown to be carbapenem-resistant and showing carbapenemase-activity. Based on sequencing by both short-read Illumina and long-read Oxford Nanopore MinIon technologies it was shown that this isolate was an E. asburiae carrying a blaIMI-2 gene on a 216 Kbp plasmid, designated pSB89A/IMI-2, and contained the plasmid replicons IncFII, IncFIB, and a third replicon showing highest similarity to the IncFII(Yp). In addition, the plasmid contained genes for various functions such as plasmid segregation and stability, plasmid transfer and arsenical transport, but no additional antibiotic resistance genes. This isolate and the pSB89A/IMI-2 was compared to three human clinical isolates positive for blaIMI-2 available from the Swedish antibiotic monitoring program Swedres. It was shown that one of the human isolates carried a plasmid similar with regards to gene content to the pSB89A/IMI-2 except for the plasmid transfer system, but that the order of genes was different. The pSB89A/IMI-2 did however share the same transfer system as the blaIMI-2 carrying plasmids from the other two human isolates. The pSB89A/IMI-2 was also compared to previously published plasmids carrying blaIMI-2, but no identical plasmids could be identified. However, most shared part of the plasmid transfer system and DNA replication genes, and the blaIMI-2 gene was located next the transcription regulator imiR. The IS3-family insertion element downstream of imiR in the pSB89A was also related to the IS elements in other blaIMI-carrying plasmids.

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Genomic signatures of host adaptation in group B Salmonella enterica ST416/ST417 from harbour porpoises

Cited by 3 publications

References 58 publications

Causes of Death and Pathological Findings in Stranded Harbour Porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) from Swedish Waters

Causes of Death and Pathological Findings in Stranded Harbour Porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) from Swedish Waters

Retrospective study on the occurrence of Salmonella serotypes in veterinary specimens of Atlantic Canada (2012–2021)

Detection of an IMI-2 carbapenemase-producing Enterobacter asburiae at a Swedish feed mill

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