Genomics Analysis of Bacillus megaterium 1259 as a Probiotic and Its Effects on Performance in Lactating Dairy Cows

Abstract

In this study, we isolated a novel bacterium, Bacillus megaterium 1259 (BM1259), from chicken manure. Whole-genome sequencing analysis showed that the BM1259 complete genome is composed of a 5,043,095 bp circular chromosome and three circular plasmids, and it encodes 5379 coding genes and 182 RNA genes. Among these genes, a series of nitrate assimilation-related genes and pathways were identified, implying a potential role of BM1259 in nitrate metabolism. In addition, 24 lactating Holstein dairy cows were randomly assigned to four groups that were fed a total mixed ration (TMR) diet only (C), a TMR diet supplemented with 5 g/day of BM1259 (T1), a TMR diet supplemented with 10 g/day of BM1259 (T2), or a TMR diet supplemented with 15 g/day of BM1259 (T3). The results showed that supplementing dairy cows with 15 g/day of BM1259 increased 4% fat-corrected milk production. The molar proportion of propionate (C3) was significantly higher in T2 than in C. The C2:C3 ratio of T3 was higher than those of C and T2. No negative effect of BM1259 on blood indicators was detected. This study demonstrates BM1259 can be applied as a potential probiotic to improve nitrogen utilization and milk production in lactating dairy cows.

Effects of Bacillus megatherium 1259 on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Rumen Fermentation, and Blood Biochemical Parameters in Holstein Bull Calves

“…Ding et al found that the C2:C3 could be significantly reduced and both the TVFA and C3 content could be increased with supplementation of bacillus subtilis in the fermentation test [ 37 ]. However, our results demonstrated that after the addition of BM1259, the C2 concentration increased significantly and the C2:C3 increased, indicating that the rumen fermentation type changed to acetate fermentation, which was consistent with the significant increase in the content of Saccharofermentans in our previous study [ 2 ]. The levels of NH 3 -N and H 2 S in the urine not only affected the health of the livestock and humans, but also reflected the nitrogen utilization capacity of animals [ 38 ].…”

“…In recent years, research and application of microecologics has attracted extensive attention from scholars in domestic fields and abroad. As a new kind of green and environmental protection feed additive, microecologics have been widely used in animal husbandry due to its green, safe, and residue-free function, which can be used to replace antibiotics, to promote the healthy growth of animals, and improve the environment [ 1 , 2 ]. At present, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus, yeast, photosynthetic bacteria, and so on are the most widely studied microecological additives.…”

Propionic Acid and Sodium Benzoate Affected Biogenic Amine Formation, Microbial Community, and Quality of Oat Silage

“…In addition, Bacillus megaterium was the most dominant population in the SB silage. Bacillus megaterium is a facultative anaerobic Gram-positive bacterium that can secrete antimicrobial compounds ( Rajabi et al, 2020 ) and is widely used as a probiotic inoculant in the silage and feed industry ( Deng et al, 2021 ). Some Bacillus species could increase the lactic acid concentration and improve the aerobic stability of silage ( Lara et al, 2016 ; Bai et al, 2020 ) by producing antimicrobial substances.…”

Use of Probiotic Bacillus megaterium NCH 55 for Treatment of Subclinical Mastitis in Cows – Preliminary Study

“…А positive effect was achieved in the treatment of SM in cows without the use of antibiotics by introducing the probiotic B. megaterium NCH 55 into the diet. This effect was primarily expressed in an increase of the average daily milk yield by 32.2% on the 30 th day of the experiment (20). Another indication of this effect was the decrease of SCC in the experimental group from 290.00±32.12 to 96.80±39.03 ths/cm 3 which was similar to the control group.…”