Genomics, microbiomics, proteomics, and metabolomics in bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Lal, Charitharth Vivek; Bhandari, Vineet; Ambalavanan, Namasivayam

doi:10.1053/j.semperi.2018.09.004

Cited by 49 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Microbial data were obtained during routine weekly screening and can therefore be easily adopted by the clinics to early on identify infants at special risk and to delineate therapeutic interventions with the aim to restore the physiologic situation of bacterial colonization. As the preterm infant is exposed to non-physiologic bacteria from the surrounding NICU [ 41 , 42 ] in a situation where the immune system is immature and incapable of bacterial clearance, its insufficient defense mechanisms might account for the highly significant result which is surprising taking into account the multifactorial origins of BPD [ 43 , 44 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Colonization within the First Six Weeks of Life and Pulmonary Outcome in Preterm Infants <1000 g

Lauer

Behnke

Oehmke

et al. 2020

JCM

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Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a multifactorial disease mainly provoked by pre- and postnatal infections, mechanical ventilation, and oxygen toxicity. In severely affected premature infants requiring mechanical ventilation, association of bacterial colonization of the lung and BPD was recently disclosed. To analyze the impact of bacterial colonization of the upper airway and gastrointestinal tract on moderate/severe BPD, we retrospectively analyzed nasopharyngeal and anal swabs taken weekly during the first 6 weeks of life at a single center in n = 102 preterm infants <1000 g. Colonization mostly occurred between weeks 2 and 6 and displayed a high diversity requiring categorization. Analyses of deviance considering all relevant confounders revealed statistical significance solely for upper airway colonization with bacteria with pathogenic potential and moderate/severe BPD (p = 0.0043) while no link could be established to the Gram response or the gastrointestinal tract. Our data highlight that specific colonization of the upper airway poses a risk to the immature lung. These data are not surprising taking into account the tremendous impact of microbial axes on health and disease across ages. We suggest that studies on upper airway colonization using predefined categories represent a feasible approach to investigate the impact on the pulmonary outcome in ventilated and non-ventilated preterm infants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Colonization within the First Six Weeks of Life and Pulmonary Outcome in Preterm Infants <1000 g

Lauer

Behnke

Oehmke

et al. 2020

JCM

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“…In the field of genomics, various approaches including integrated genomic analysis 40 and gene expression profiling 41 have led to the identification of novel pathways of lung development and repair (the cell-surface glycoprotein CD44, phosphorus oxygen lyase activity) and novel molecules and pathways (adenosine deaminase, targets of microRNA [miR]) that are associated with the genetic origins of BPD 42 . In addition to whole exome sequencing and whole genome sequencing to identify non-common variants in patients with BPD, RNA sequencing methods have been developed to evaluate protein-coding mRNA, transcripts of pseudogenes, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and miRs 43 . In the last few years, miRs have been described as important mediators of normal growth, development, and disease.…”

Section: Diagnosis and Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in understanding and management of bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Sahni

Bhandari

2020

F1000Res

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In the current era, the survival of extremely low-birth-weight infants has increased considerably because of new advances in technology; however, these infants often develop chronic dysfunction of the lung, which is called bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). BPD remains an important cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity despite newer and gentler modes of ventilation. BPD results from the exposure of immature lungs to various antenatal and postnatal factors that lead to an impairment in lung development and aberrant growth of lung parenchyma and vasculature. However, we still struggle with a uniform definition for BPD that can help predict various short- and long-term pulmonary outcomes. With new research, our understanding of the pathobiology of this disease has evolved, and many new mechanisms of lung injury and repair are now known. By utilizing the novel ‘omic’ approaches in BPD, we have now identified various factors in the disease process that may act as novel therapeutic targets in the future. New investigational agents being explored for the management and prevention of BPD include mesenchymal stem cell therapy and insulin-like growth factor 1. Despite this, many questions remain unanswered and require further research to improve the outcomes of premature infants with BPD.

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“…Although potential candidates are reported, identifying BPD specific genes, pathways, single nucleotide polymorphisms, long noncoding RNAs, or microRNAs has not proven easy. 11,12 Yet, great hope persists that identifying genetic factors in the development of BPD could lead to specific therapies. Providers could then tailor interventions to individual patients to improve outcomes, minimize risk, and lower costs.…”

Section: Geneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-conceptualizing Associations between Race and Morbidities of Extreme Prematurity

Burris

Hwang

Collins

et al. 2019

The Journal of Pediatrics

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Genomics, microbiomics, proteomics, and metabolomics in bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Cited by 49 publications

References 53 publications

Bacterial Colonization within the First Six Weeks of Life and Pulmonary Outcome in Preterm Infants <1000 g

Bacterial Colonization within the First Six Weeks of Life and Pulmonary Outcome in Preterm Infants <1000 g

Recent advances in understanding and management of bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Re-conceptualizing Associations between Race and Morbidities of Extreme Prematurity

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