Genotoxic effects of tobacco chewing

Khanna, Asha; Gautam, Daya Shankar; Mukherjee, Parnashree

doi:10.4103/0971-6580.103683

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Moreover, in OL patients with single habit, chewing khaini was associated with the shortest TL in OLN (Supporting Information Table S7 ). These data are consistent with the report that smokeless (raw) tobacco causes higher oxidative DNA damage and is more carcinogenic than smoking tobacco or drinking alcohol [ 52 , 53 , 54 ]. Telomeres in OLP samples of all the habit groups were little longer and less consistent compared with those in OLN.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

A standalone approach to utilize telomere length measurement as a surveillance tool in oral leukoplakia

et al. 2022

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Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is often preceded by a white patch on a surface of the mouth, called oral leukoplakia (OL). As accelerated telomere length (TL) shortening in dividing epithelial cells may lead to oncogenic transformation, telomere length measurement could serve as a predictive biomarker in OL. However, due to high variability and lack of a universal reference, there has been a limited translational application. Here, we describe an approach of evaluating TL using paired peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) as an internal reference and demonstrate its translational relevance. Oral brush biopsy and paired venous blood were collected from 50 male OL patients and 44 male healthy controls (HC). Relative TL was measured by quantitative PCR. TL of each OL or healthy sample was normalized to the paired PBMC sample (TL ratio). In OL patients, the mean TL ratio was significantly smaller not only in the patch but also in distal normal oral tissue, relative to healthy controls without a high‐risk oral habit. Dysplasia was frequently associated with a subgroup that showed a normal TL ratio at the patch but significantly smaller TL ratio at a paired normal distal site. Our data suggest that evaluation of TL attrition using a paired PBMC sample eliminates the requirement of external reference DNA, makes data universally comparable and provides a useful marker to define high‐risk OL groups for follow‐up programs. Larger studies will further validate the approach and its broader application in other premalignant conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

A standalone approach to utilize telomere length measurement as a surveillance tool in oral leukoplakia

et al. 2022

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“…Oral habits have also been associated with DNA damage. Khanna et al [70] reported a case of a tobacco chewer in which the percentage of damaged cells was significantly higher than in the control. Also the effect of gutkha (a preparation of crushed areca nut, tobacco, catechu, paraffin wax, slaked lime, and sweet or savory flavorings) and pan masala (an herb, nut, and seed mixture that is commonly served in the Middle East countries) chewing along with and without smoking was studied in buccal epithelial cells using single-cell gel electrophoresis [71].…”

Section: Life Style Dietary Genetic and Healthy Factorsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The comet assay in buccal cells has been used to evaluate DNA damage induced by different materials such as mouthrinses [50], metals released from orthodontic appliances [51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59], ionizing radiation [60], as well as assessment of DNA damage, and its modulation by life-style, dietary, genetic and healthy factors [61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74], occupational exposure [66][67][68][69][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82], and environmental exposure [83][84][85][86]. Different procedures have been used in collecting and processing the samples that are presented and discussed in Rojas et al [33].…”

Section: Use Of Comet Assay In Buccal Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of DNA Damage by Comet Assay in Buccal Epithelial Cells: Problems, Achievement, Perspectives

Sánchez-Alarcón¹,

Milić²,

Gómez‐Arroyo³

et al. 2016

Environmental Health Risk - Hazardous Factors to Living Species

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DN" damage risk assessment in comet assay by the use of buccal mucosa cells has great advantages in comparison with other cell type sample due to more safely, easier, cheaper, and non-invasive method for in vivo studies. "ccording to the OECD Guidelines, the in vivo mammalian alkaline comet assay is well-established and validated method for measuring DN" strand breaks in single eukaryotic cells. Considering exposure to xenobiotics and endogenous damage inductors, buccal mucosa cells are the first to be in direct contact after exposure and this makes them an ideal biomatrices in evaluation of the level of individual genotoxicity to several compounds already mentioned. Their clinical diagnostic applicability confers a potential use in patients across time. However, the number of publications referring to the human buccal comet assay is low in the last two decades. This low growing interest may be explained by several factors, including its relative technical problems. Different procedures have been used in collecting and processing the samples. In order to have widespread acceptance and credibility in human population studies, the comet assay in buccal cells requires standardization of the protocol, of parameters analyzed, and a better knowledge of critical features affecting the assay outcomes, including the definition of the values of spontaneous DN" damage. There is a need for further collaborative work as in the HUMN micronucleus assay on lymphocytes and HUMNxL micronucleus assay on buccal cells collaborative projects. The creation of a network of laboratories will allow more focused validation studies, including the design of a classic, historic, prospective cohort study in order to explore the link between measures of genetic instability in the buccal mucosa and the risk of cancer and other chronic-degenerative diseases. One such network connection will start in as a COST project under the name hCOMET The comet assay as a human biomonitoring tool launched by Prof. "ndrew Collins.

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“…ST contains a greater amount of nicotine as compared to smoking tobacco [2]. ST although perceived as a safer alternative to smoking, contains 28 carcinogenic agents, including nitrites and alkylating agents [3]. Khaini, a form of Smokeless Tobacco and Alcohol are commonly known carcinogens in the development of oral cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ST had been classified as "Carcinogenic to humans" by International Agency for Research Cancer [5]. Smokeless Tobacco products contain Tobaccospecific nitrosamines (TSNAs) which are associated with development of oral cancer in the consumers of these products [3] and [6]. Khaini has been reported to contain the highest levels of Tobacco specific Nnitrosamines (TSNAs) among the 32 Indian Smokeless Tobacco products such as N-nitrosonornicotine (NNN), 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and N-nitrosoanabasine (NAB), as well as the volatile nitrosamines N-nitrosodimethylamine and Nnitrosodiethylamine formed by N-nitrosation of nicotine [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA Damage Assessment in Buccal Epithelial Cells as Marker of Oral Cancer amongst Smokeless Tobacco (Khaini) and Alcohol Users

Ahmad¹,

Sharma²,

Ss³

et al. 2019

SJODR

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Introduction: Smokeless Tobacco contains considerable nicotine much more than is contained in smoking tobacco. Smokeless Tobacco contains 28 carcinogenic agents, including nitrites and alkylating agents causing oral cancer. Ethanol is the principal ingredient of alcoholic beverages Acetaldehyde, a metabolite of ethanol play an important role in ethanol toxicity by cross linking the DNA and thus leading to DNA damage. Comet Assay was performed to assess DNA damage among users of Smokeless Tobacco and Alcohol. Method: Buccal epithelial cells were taken from 25 users of Smokeless Tobacco (Khaini) 25 users of Alcohol, 25 users of Khaini and Alcohol and 25 control subjects and Comet Assay was performed to assess possible DNA damage. Result: Highest increase in the comet tail length implicated DNA damage in users of Smokeless Tobacco and Alcohol, both as compared to the control subjects. Conclusion: This study demonstrated DNA damage among users of Alcohol, Smokeless Tobacco leading to the development of oral cancer.

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Genotoxic effects of tobacco chewing

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

A standalone approach to utilize telomere length measurement as a surveillance tool in oral leukoplakia

A standalone approach to utilize telomere length measurement as a surveillance tool in oral leukoplakia

Assessment of DNA Damage by Comet Assay in Buccal Epithelial Cells: Problems, Achievement, Perspectives

DNA Damage Assessment in Buccal Epithelial Cells as Marker of Oral Cancer amongst Smokeless Tobacco (Khaini) and Alcohol Users

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