Genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of the light emitted by artificial illumination systems

Flora, Silvio De

doi:10.1007/s00204-013-1015-7

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classifies ultraviolet radiation, including all its components UV-A (400 nm – 315 nm), UV-B (315 nm – 280 nm), and UV-C (280 nm – 100 nm), as Group 1 [ 7 ]. In fact, exposure to UV rays causing sunburn has been shown to play a significant role in the development of melanoma, a dangerous form of skin cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germicidal lamps using UV-C radiation may pose health safety issues: a biomolecular analysis of their effects on apoptosis and senescence

Alessio,

Ambrosino,

Boggi

et al. 2024

Aging

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The battle against the COVID-19 pandemic has spurred a heightened state of vigilance in global healthcare, leading to the proliferation of diverse sanitization methods. Among these approaches, germicidal lamps utilizing ultraviolet (UV) rays, particularly UV-C (wavelength ranging from 280 to 100 nm), have gained prominence for domestic use. These light-emitting diode (LED) lamps are designed to sanitize the air, objects, and surfaces. However, the prevailing concern is that these UV lamps are often introduced into the market without adequate accompanying information to ensure their safe utilization. Importantly, exposure to absorbed UV light can potentially trigger adverse biological responses, encompassing cell death and senescence. Our research encompassed a series of investigations aimed at comprehending the biological repercussions of UV-C radiation exposure from readily available domestic lamps. Our focus centered on epithelial retinal cells, keratinocytes, and fibroblasts, components of the skin and ocular targets frequently exposed to UV irradiation. Our findings underscore the potential harm associated with even brief exposure to UV, leading to irreversible and detrimental alterations in both skin cells and retinal cells of the eye. Notably, epithelial retinal cells exhibited heightened sensitivity, marked by substantial apoptosis. In contrast, keratinocytes demonstrated resilience to apoptosis even at elevated UV doses, though they were prone to senescence. Meanwhile, fibroblasts displayed a gradual amplification of both senescence and apoptosis as radiation doses escalated. In summary, despite the potential benefits offered by UV-C in deactivating pathogens like SARS-CoV-2, it remains evident that the concurrent risks posed by UV-C to human health cannot be ignored.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germicidal lamps using UV-C radiation may pose health safety issues: a biomolecular analysis of their effects on apoptosis and senescence

Alessio,

Ambrosino,

Boggi

et al. 2024

Aging

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“…Our results demonstrated that exposure at 280 nM (UVC) to T. rubrum spores at a fluence of 0.5 J/cm 2 was germicidal [ 21 ]. Unfortunately there are obvious carcinogenic risks associated with utilising UVC radiation [ 22 ] and as a result we suggested that a more appropriate use of UVC could be in the decontamination of patient shoes, which represent potential reservoirs of re-infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro combination therapy using low dose clotrimazole and photodynamic therapy leads to enhanced killing of the dermatophyte Trichophyton rubrum

2014

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BackgroundSuperficial infections of the skin and mucous membranes caused by dermatophyte fungi are amongst the most common and challenging infections to treat. Previously we demonstrated the phototoxic effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) towards Trichophyton rubrum, using a green laser to photoactivate Rose Bengal (RB). The aim of this study was to evaluate whether we could; (1) achieve a similar effect using an inexpensive light-emitting diode (LED) to photoactivate RB and (2) to evaluate whether our PDT regime could be combined with standard antifungal drug therapy and increase its effectiveness.MethodsWe designed and built our own inexpensive green (530 nm) LED source and tested its efficacy as part our RB-PDT regime in vitro against T. rubrum. We also examined the potential benefits of incorporating PDT as part of combination therapy and whether the order in which this was done had an impact. First we subjected spore suspensions to sub-inhibitory concentrations of a number of antifungal agents (CLT, MCZ and TRB) for 72 hours followed by RB-PDT. Secondly we subjected spore suspensions to sub-inhibitory PDT followed by drug treatment and evaluated if there were any changes to the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the drugs tested.ResultsThe optimal conditions for photoinactivation of T. rubrum using RB-PDT alone were 140 μM of RB and 24 J/cm2 of LED (equating to a 30-minute exposure). These parameters also caused a 100% reduction in the viability of the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans and the model fungus Saccharomyces cerevisiae. By combining our RB-PDT regime as an adjunct to antifungal drugs we were able to dramatically reduce the exposure times. Treatment of spore suspensions using a sub-inhibitory dose of clotrimazole (CLT) followed by RB-PDT, this order was critical, significantly reduced the exposure times required to achieve 100% inhibition of T. rubrum to 15 minutes as compared to RB-PDT alone.ConclusionsThe combination of antifungal drug and RB-PDT represents an attractive alternative to the current antifungal therapies used to treat superficial fungal diseases. Our approach has the potential to reduce treatment times and drug dosages which can also reduce drug toxicity and improve patient compliance.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12866-014-0261-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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L-carnitine mitigates UVA-induced skin tissue injury in rats through downregulation of oxidative stress, p38/c-Fos signaling, and the proinflammatory cytokines

Salama

Arab

Omar

et al. 2018

Chemico-Biological Interactions

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Genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of the light emitted by artificial illumination systems

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Germicidal lamps using UV-C radiation may pose health safety issues: a biomolecular analysis of their effects on apoptosis and senescence

Germicidal lamps using UV-C radiation may pose health safety issues: a biomolecular analysis of their effects on apoptosis and senescence

In vitro combination therapy using low dose clotrimazole and photodynamic therapy leads to enhanced killing of the dermatophyte Trichophyton rubrum

L-carnitine mitigates UVA-induced skin tissue injury in rats through downregulation of oxidative stress, p38/c-Fos signaling, and the proinflammatory cytokines

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