Genotoxicity and chronic health effects of automobile exhaust: a study on the traffic policemen in the city of Lanzhou

Zhao, Xiaohong; Niu, Jingping; Wang, Yumei; Yan, Chunsheng; Wang, Xunling; Wang, Jin

doi:10.1016/s1383-5718(98)00066-7

Cited by 42 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Such DNA damage can be also enhanced by confounding factors like length of exposure, smoking and drinking of coffee, tea and alcohol. This result is in good agreement with earlier reports (Zhao et al, 1998;Heuser et al, 2002;Zhu et at., 2003;Müller et al, 2004;Knudsen et al 2005;Singh et al, 2010;Prasad et al, 2013). Fuel emissions have carcinogenic properties since they contain dangerous substances that are able to react with and change the genetic material, of the affected organisms.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

DNA damage assessment among urban female street sweepers exposed to vehicular exhaust in metro Manila, Philippines

Villarino

2017

Int. j. adv. appl. sci.

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Occupational exposure to vehicular exhaust in Metro Manila, Philippines is a major human health risk concern because of the established DNA damaging potential of some of its components like Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). Hence, in this study, peripheral blood leucocytes of 50 urban female street sweepers and an equal number of housekeepers and housewives were analyzed for DNA damage utilizing the alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) or comet assay. This study also determined the influence of some demographic characteristics like age, length of fuel exhaust exposure, smoking and alcohol/coffee/tea drinking on DNA damage. Possible association of DNA damage and hematological parameters to include RBC count, WBC count, hematocrit, hemoglobin, lymphocytes and segmenters was also done. Results showed that exposure to vehicular exhaust has caused an increase in tail lengths (8.48±3.41 μm versus 19.35±8.79 μm) and tail moments (1.93±1.43 versus 8.02±5.71) of the leucocytes as demonstrated by the comet assay. Differences in the demographic characteristics of the study population were not significant (p > 0.05) but comet assay results of the smokers, alcohol/coffee/tea drinkers with longer length of exposure to fuel exhaust recorded higher DNA damage compared to the smokers (p < 0.05), alcohol/coffee/tea drinkers of the reference group. Hematological parameters were not affected by fuel exhaust exposure (p > 0.05). Results of the current study suggests of the possibility that constant exposure to fuel exhaust could lead to a transient increase in the levels of damage in the DNA of leucocytes and that the comet assay was a particularly sensitive technique in detecting such effects.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

DNA damage assessment among urban female street sweepers exposed to vehicular exhaust in metro Manila, Philippines

Villarino

2017

Int. j. adv. appl. sci.

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“…For instance, occupational studies have examined MN frequency in adults exposed to traffic pollution. Zhao et al [1998] reported an increased MN frequency in Chinese traffic policemen compared with office workers, while other studies did not detect a difference in Italian traffic workers as compared with office workers [Bolognesi et al, 1997;Leopardi et al, 2003].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Application of a geographic information system to explore associations between air pollution and micronucleus frequencies in African American children and adults

Huen

Gunn

Duramad

et al. 2006

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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Exposure to air pollution has been associated with adverse respiratory and cardiovascular health outcomes in both children and adults. In this study, we used geographic information systems (GISs) to explore possible associations between chromosomal damage in 65 African American children and their mothers from Oakland, California, and both proximity to traffic and regional ozone levels. Study participants were interviewed at the Healthy Child Clinic of Children's Hospital, Oakland, and their blood and buccal cells were collected for assessment of chromosomal damage by the micronucleus (MN) assay. Regional ozone levels, which decreased from April to November with a secondary peak in late summer, were highly correlated with season by month (r=-0.84, P=0.02) and strongly associated with MN frequency (frequency ratio (FR): 3.37, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.30-8.72) in both cell types of children and adults. Additionally, MN frequencies were modestly associated with individual measures of traffic density in children (FR=2.45, 95% CI=0.86-7.10), but not in adults; this suggests a greater vulnerability to traffic-related air pollution in children. Smoking in the household also increased MN frequency in the lymphocytes of children (FR: 1.13, 95%CI: 1.01-1.24) and adults (FR: 1.06, 95%CI: 0.99-1.13), whereas vitamin use in adults decreased MN frequency in both lymphocytes and buccal cells (FR: 0.17, 95%CI: 0.02-1.31; FR: 0.18, 95%CI: 0.03-1.18, respectively). Our data indicate that GIS-generated measures of traffic density for individual households augment regional ozone monitoring data used to assess effects of air pollution. This approach helped to demonstrate elevated cytogenetic damage in exposed minority children.

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“…It has been suggested that this biomarker is also influenced by dietary factors, genetic factors, ionizing radiation, and some lifestyle factors [Fenech et al, 1999]. Several studies suggest that air pollution could increase the frequency of micronucleated binucleated cells (MNBCs) in both adults and children [Zhao et al, 1998;Neri et al, 2006;Pedersen et al, 2006;Milosevic-Djordjevic et al, 2007;Hallare et al, 2008]. Some investigators attribute the increased MNBC rate in highly polluted cities to automobile exhaust pollutants [Zhao et al, 1998;Hallare et al, 2008].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytogenetic status in newborns and their parents in Madrid: The BioMadrid study

Lope

Pollán

Fernández³

et al. 2009

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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Monitoring cytogenetic damage is frequently used to assess population exposure to environmental mutagens. The cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay is one of the most widely used methods employed in these studies. In the present study we used this assay to assess the baseline frequency of micronuclei in a healthy population of father-pregnant woman-newborn trios drawn from two Madrid areas. We also investigated the association between micronucleus frequency and specific socioeconomic, environmental, and demographic factors collected by questionnaire. Mercury, arsenic, lead, and cadmium blood levels were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. The association between micronucleated cell frequency and the variables collected by questionnaire, as well as, the risk associated with the presence of elevated levels of metals in blood, was estimated using Poisson models, taking the number of micronucleated cells in 1,000 binucleated cells (MNBCs) as the dependent variable. Separate analyses were conducted for the 110 newborns, 136 pregnant women, and 134 fathers in whom micronuclei could be assessed. The mean number of micronucleated cells per 1,000 binucleated cells was 3.9, 6.5, and 6.1 respectively. Our results show a statistically significant correlation in MNBC frequency between fathers and mothers, and between parents and newborns. Elevated blood mercury levels in fathers were associated with significantly higher MNBC frequency, compared with fathers who had normal mercury levels (RR:1.21; 95%CI:1.02-1.43). This last result suggests the need to implement greater control over populations which, by reason of their occupation or life style, are among those most exposed to this metal.

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Genotoxicity and chronic health effects of automobile exhaust: a study on the traffic policemen in the city of Lanzhou

Cited by 42 publications

References 22 publications

DNA damage assessment among urban female street sweepers exposed to vehicular exhaust in metro Manila, Philippines

DNA damage assessment among urban female street sweepers exposed to vehicular exhaust in metro Manila, Philippines

Application of a geographic information system to explore associations between air pollution and micronucleus frequencies in African American children and adults

Cytogenetic status in newborns and their parents in Madrid: The BioMadrid study

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