Genotoxicity, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response induced by crack-cocaine: relevance to carcinogenesis

Malacarne, Ingra Taís; Souza, Daniel Vitor de; Rosário, Bárbara dos Anjos; Viana, Milena de Barros; Pereira, Camilo Dias Seabra; Estadella, Débora; Santos, Jean Nunes dos; Ribeiro, Daniel Araki

doi:10.1007/s11356-021-12617-2

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The administration of amphetamine may lead to modifications in immune function and cytokine expression, which are linked to the development of lymphoma 46 . The genotoxicity, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses induced by crack cocaine are associated with the process of carcinogenesis 47 . Consumption of alcohol poses a risk factor for various major cancers 48 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive analysis of TLX2 in pan cancer as a prognostic and immunologic biomarker and validation in ovarian cancer

Chen,

Ding,

Wan

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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T cell leukemia homeobox 2 (TLX2) plays an important role in some tumors. Bioinformatics and experimental validation represent a useful way to explore the mechanisms and functions of TLX2 gene in the cancer disease process from a pan cancer perspective. TLX2 was aberrantly expressed in pan cancer and cell lines and correlated with clinical stage. High TLX2 expression was significantly associated with poor overall survival in COAD, KIRC, OC, and UCS. The greatest frequency of TLX2 alterations in pan cancer was amplification. Alterations of NXF2B, MSLNL, PCGF1, INO80B-WBP1, LBX2-AS1, MRPL53, LBX2, TTC31, WDR54, and WBP1 co-occurred in the TLX2 alteration group. PFS was significantly shorter in the TLX2-altered group (n = 6) compared to the TLX2-unaltered group (n = 400). Methylation levels of TLX2 were high in 17 tumors. TLX2 expression was associated with MSI in seven tumors and TMB in five tumors. TLX2 expression was associated with immune infiltration and immune checkpoint genes. TLX2 may be associated with some pathways and chemoresistance. We constructed a possible competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network of LINC01010/miR-146a-5p/TLX2 in OC. TLX2 expression was significantly upregulated in ovarian cancer cell lines compared to ovarian epithelial cell lines. Aberrant expression of TLX2 in pan cancer may promote tumorigenesis and progression through different mechanisms. TLX2 may represent an important therapeutic target for human cancers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive analysis of TLX2 in pan cancer as a prognostic and immunologic biomarker and validation in ovarian cancer

Chen,

Ding,

Wan

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“… 22 , 30 , 31 , 32 While not extensively investigated, some possible mechanisms of cocaine as a putative genotoxic substance have been proposed, including (1) cocaine‐induced oxidative stress, (2) the potential role that cocaine plays in the inflammatory process and cell cycle, and (3) genotoxic and carcinogenic potentials entailed by the complex pyrolysis products. 33 , 34 Additionally, recent findings of the changes in dysbiotic oral and gut microbiota resulting from cocaine use, along with the proposed association between microbiota and HNC, 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 could provide a possibility of the connection between cocaine use and HNC. Considering these potential connections between cocaine and cancer, it would be reasonable to hypothesize the association between cocaine inhalation and HNC risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the contrary, the LA study only ascertained crack smoking. Because crack smoking imposes exposures to toxic pyrolysis products, 33 , 34 perhaps it is not surprising to see the association between cocaine use and HNC could vary across the form and route of administration of cocaine. However, because of the small number of cocaine users, we were unable to conduct informative analyses that compare cocaine use and crack use in the Seattle study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cocaine use and head and neck cancer risk: A pooled analysis in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium

Zhang,

Chen,

et al. 2024

Cancer Medicine

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BackgroundCocaine is an illegal recreational drug used worldwide, yet little is known about whether cocaine inhalation (smoking/snorting) increases the risk of head and neck cancer (HNC).MethodsThe analyses were conducted by pooling data from three case–control studies with 1639 cases and 2506 controls from the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium. Epidemiologic data, including cocaine use histories, were obtained in face‐to‐face interviews. Odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using hierarchical logistic regression models.ResultsControlling for cumulative tobacco and alcohol use, we observed a weak positive association between cocaine use and HNC (ORever vs. never = 1.35, 95% CI: 0.96, 1.90). In stratified analysis, while we did not detect associations among never tobacco or alcohol users due to the limited sample size, the association with cocaine use was observed among tobacco users and alcohol drinkers. ORs for ever and high cumulative use (>18 times) versus never use were 1.40 (95% CI: 0.98, 2.00) and 1.66 (95% CI: 1.03, 2.69) among tobacco users, and 1.34 (95% CI: 0.93, 1.92) and 1.59 (95% CI: 1.00, 2.51) among alcohol drinkers, respectively.ConclusionIn this pooled analysis, we observed a weak positive association between cocaine inhalation and HNC risk. Our findings provide preliminary evidence of the potential carcinogenic effect of cocaine on HNC. Because of study limitations, including limited number of cocaine users, confounding, and heterogeneity across studies, future investigations will require larger studies with more detailed information on cocaine use history.

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“…BMCyt assay use has spread widely since it is minimally invasive, painless, easily accessible, and represents the first barrier cells of the respiratory and digestive tracts, furthermore, it is considered a marker of some systemic conditions (Celik et al, 2010; Kashyap & Reddy, 2012). In addition, BMCyt assay is a predictive marker, that evaluates nuclear anomalies associated with genotoxicity (micronucleus [MNs] and nuclear buds [NBUDs]), stages of early (abnormally condensed chromatin [CC]) and late (karyorrhexis [KR]) apoptotic processes, alternative forms of nuclear disintegration (pyknotic nuclei [PN]), cytokinesis defects (binucleated cell [BN]), and advanced stages of cell death (karyolysis [KL]), and their increase is associated with genotoxic and cytotoxic processes, and cancer (Bolognesi et al, 2013; Burgaz et al, 2011; Fenech et al, 2011; Holland et al, 2008; Malacarne et al, 2021; Motgi et al, 2014; Souza et al, 2020; Stich & Rosin, 1983; Thomas & Fenech, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytogenotoxicity effects in addicts with multidrug consumption

González‐Santiago,

Gómez‐Cabrera,

Baptista‐Rosas

et al. 2024

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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Drug abuse is considered a global health problem with serious social impact. In recent decades, changes in drug consumption patterns have shown a clear rising trend in the use of multiple drugs. Although the buccal micronucleus cytome (BMCyt) assay has evaluated cytotoxicity in drug abuse, there has not been an approach that takes into account this pattern of multiple drug use. Therefore, in this study, we evaluate for the first time the cytogenotoxic effects in multidrug users, and its correlation with the amount consumed and years of abuse. This study was conducted on 166 individuals by the BMCyt assay. A total of 83 individuals with a history of multiple licit (alcohol and tobacco) and at least one illicit drug abuse (marijuana, methamphetamines, cocaine, and/or inhalants), and 83 healthy individuals, non‐drug abusers were analyzed. The results showed that drug abusers had higher frequencies of nuclear abnormalities nuclear buds, binucleated cells, pyknotic nuclei (PNs), karyorrhexis (KX), and abnormally condensed chromatin when compared with healthy controls. Moreover, results suggests that the use of licit and illicit drugs is related to cytogenotoxic damage, as was shown by an upward trend in the frequency of nuclear abnormalities identified in groups 1 (alcohol + tobacco + at least one illicit drug) and 2 (tobacco + at least one illicit drug). Furthermore, a positive correlation was found in the different groups, between the years and the amount of consumption of some drugs (alcohol, methamphetamine, and tobacco) with cytotoxicity markers such as KL, KX, and PNs.

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Genotoxicity, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response induced by crack-cocaine: relevance to carcinogenesis

Cited by 13 publications

References 43 publications

Comprehensive analysis of TLX2 in pan cancer as a prognostic and immunologic biomarker and validation in ovarian cancer

Comprehensive analysis of TLX2 in pan cancer as a prognostic and immunologic biomarker and validation in ovarian cancer

Cocaine use and head and neck cancer risk: A pooled analysis in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium

Cytogenotoxicity effects in addicts with multidrug consumption

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