Genotype–environment interaction of no-till winter wheat in Western Canada

Abstract

. 2001. Genotype-environment interaction of no-till winter wheat in Western Canada. Can. J. Plant Sci. 81: 7-16. Differences among cultivars in their response to changes in crop water availability are reflected in genotype-environment (GE) interactions for grain yield. With the recent expansion of the winter wheat production area in western Canada, it is important that plant breeders and agronomists have an understanding of the significance of GE interactions as they relate to regional adaptation of genotypes. Consequently, the objective of this study was to determine the phenotypic stability of recent high-yielding winter wheat genotypes grown under drought and low stress conditions on the Canadian prairies and to assess the effect that crop water status has on GE interactions. Eighteen field trials were conducted throughout Saskatchewan over a 3-yr period. Five hard red winter wheat genotypes were selected for evaluation in these trials on the basis of unique characteristics identified in earlier studies. Natural variation in weather among locations and years and irrigation produced a wide range in the timing and intensity of drought stress. The high yield potential of recent winter wheat selections was confirmed. A nonsignificant genotype-location effect meant that geographic subregions requiring specific adaptive traits could not be identified. In contrast, significant effects of years and genotype-year and location-year interactions indicated that annual differences in weather had a greater influence on relative genotype performance than weather differences among locations. Significant within-site genotypic variation for grain yield was observed only at high rainfall and irrigated sites, and the GE interaction was larger than the genotypic variance component when there were wide differences in environmental conditions. The GE interaction effect was not significant when only dryland sites were considered. A poor association between yield rank at the highly productive and droughtstressed sites was attributed to genotypic differences in yield potential and the effect of drought on the expression of yield potential. Joint regression, pairwise correlated response, stability, and convergence analyses were conducted in an effort to better interpret the practical importance of the GE interactions. A tendency for the genotype regression lines to converge below the range of grain yields expected in the region indicated that genotypes with the highest mean yield were widely adapted and that winter wheat breeders should select for high yield potential in low stress environments. However, the expression of grain yield potential was reduced enough to suggest that winter wheat yields in western Canada are likely to benefit from this "high" yield potential only under moderate and low stress conditions. Therefore, because there is a wide diversity of crop water conditions in this region, trial locations should also include targeted high stress environments to identify genotypes with high performance over a wide range of env...

Yield Improvement and Genotype × Environment Analyses of Peanut Cultivars in Multilocation Trials in West Africa

“…Significant interactions between genotypes and environments for peanut yield and yield components have been reported . Domitruk et al (2001) indicated that the analysis of variance procedure is a useful tool for estimating the existence and magnitude of G × E interactions. This assessment is the primary basis for identifying the best performers and their range of adaptability, both temporally and spatially.…”

“…Considering yield stability in conjunction with mean yield may provide a more appropriate comparison of genotypes than when using only mean yield (Kang, 1993). Domitruk et al (2001) indicated that the analysis of variance procedure is a useful tool for estimating the existence and magnitude of G × E interactions. By evaluating the performance of different peanut cultivars in multiple environments, new cultivars adapted to these environments can be identified.…”

Soil water use, biomass accumulation and grain yield of no-till winter wheat on the Canadian prairies

“…These cultivars were grown in 17 field trials that were located throughout Saskatchewan from 1989 to 1991 (Table 1). Details on the performance of the cultivars and the soil type of the trial locations have been reported in a related publication (Domitruk et al 2001). For personal use only.…”

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