Genotypic diversity of multi- and pre-extremely drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Morocco

Abstract

In Morocco, the prevalence of multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) continues to increase especially within previously treated cases; these MDR cases may evolve to extensively drug resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) raising major concern to TB control programs. From an epidemiological window, scarce informations are available about the genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) strains fueling these forms of resistance. The aim of this study was to assess to genetic diversity of MDR-MTB strains. Hence, this prospective study was conducted on patients diagnosed with MDR-TB at Pasteur Institute of Casablanca from 2010 to 2013. A total of 70 MDR-MTB isolates were genotyped by spoligotyping and 15-loci MIRU-VNTR methods. Spoligotyping generated four orphan patterns, five unique profiles whereas 61 strains were grouped in nine clusters (2 to 25 strains per cluster), the clustering rates being 87.1%. Subtyping by 15 loci MIRU-VNTR splitted all clusters already established by spoligotyping and generated 70 unique profiles not recognized in SITVIT2 database; clustering rate was equal to zero. HGDI analysis of 15 loci MIRU demonstrated that eight out of 15 loci were highly discriminant. Of note, all pre-XDR strains belongs to many clades, meaning that there no association between gyrA mutants and particular clade. Overall, the data generated by this study (i) describe the population structure of MDR MTBC in Morocco which is highly homogenous, (ii) confirm that TB in Morocco is almost exclusively transmitted by modern and evolutionary lineages with high level of biodiversity seen by MIRU, and (iii) validate the use of optimized 15-loci MIRU-VNTR format for future investigations in Morocco.

Genetic Diversity and Transmission of Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in Lusaka, Zambia

“…15%), and China (33.1%)(Bakuła et al 2019;Luo et al 2019;Oudghiri et al 2021). The recent transmission may be attributed more to the subfamilies SIT21/CAS1-Kili and SIT20/LAM1 as they formed the largest clonal complexes when compared to SIT59/LAM11-ZWE and others as shown in Fig 2.Moreover, all SIT20/LAM1 strains had KatG Ser315Thr and RpoB Ser 531 Leu mutations as shown in Fig1.…”

Genotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex Isolates from Patients with Tuberculosis by MIRU-VNTR and Spoligotyping Methods

“…Oudghiri ve ark. (14) 2021 yılında Fas'ta dört yıl süre boyunca (2010-2013) toplam 70 ÇİD izolatının dâhil edildiği ve spoligotiplendirme ile 15 lokus MIRU-VNTR yöntemlerini kullandıkları çalışma sonucunda, en yaygın ailelerin sırasıyla LAM (%57.4); T (%18.5); Haarlem (%7.1); S (%7.1); SITVIT2 veritabanında tanımlanamayan (%5.6) ve Beijing (%4.3) olduğunu tespit etmişlerdir. Bu çalışmanın, Fas'ta TB'nin sıcak noktası olarak tanınan Kazablanka'daki ÇİD ve YİD öncesi MTK popülasyon yapısı hakkında fikir sahibi olmak için yapılan ilk moleküler karakterizasyon çalışması olduğunu bildirmişlerdir.…”