Genotypic variation in the regrowth of <i>Lolium perenne</i> following clipping: effects of nutrients and endophytic fungi

Cheplick, Gregory P.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2435.1998.00186.x

Cited by 61 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Endophyte infection may alter grasshopper growth performance on some clones but we can not discriminate the effects of endophyte from differences among clones. High variation among clones is not a novel result or contrary to other studies of grassendophyte interactions (Cheplick 1997(Cheplick , 1998. For example, other endophyte studies have shown that resistance levels in perennial ryegrass selections tended to be more variable than those in tall fescue.…”

Section: Clonal Differences Among Host Plantsmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Our experimental results with grasshoppers, coupled with the lack of, or unexpected, patterns of endophyte frequency with mammalian herbivory in the natural Arizona fescue populations examined, indicate that endophyte-mediated plant herbivore interactions are probably not the primary selective force shaping the ecology and evolution of endophyte-plant association in this system. Plant genotype has been shown to interact with environmental factors in altering performance of Neotyphodium-infected tall fescue and perennial ryegrass, at least relative to drought tolerance or soil nutrients (Elbersen and West 996;Buck et al 1997;Cheplick 1997Cheplick , 1998. Our experiment was not designed specifically to test plant performance.…”

Section: Clonal Differences Among Host Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endophyte-grass-herbivore interactions: the case of Neotyphodium endophytes in Arizona fescue populations

et al. 1999

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Neotyphodium endophytes in introduced agronomic grasses are well known to increase resistance to herbivores, but little is known of interactions between Neotyphodium endophytes and herbivores in native grass populations. We investigated whether endophytes mediate plant-herbivore interactions in a native grass species, Festuca arizonica in the southwestern United States, in two ways. First, to test the prediction that the presence and frequency of endophyte-infected (E+) plants should increase with increasing herbivory, we determined endophyte frequencies over a 4-year period in six natural Arizona fescue populations. We compared Neotyphodium frequency among plants growing inside and outside long-term vertebrate grazing exclosures. Second, we experimentally tested the effects of Neotyphodium infection, plant clone, and soil nutrients on plant resistance to the native grasshopper Xanthippus corallipes. Contrary to predictions based upon the hypothesis that endophytes increase herbivore resistance, levels of infection did not increase in plants subjected to grazing outside of exclosures relative to ungrazed plants within exclosures. Instead, endophyte frequencies tended to be greater inside the exclosures, where long-term vertebrate grazing was reduced. The grasshopper bioassay experiment corroborated these long-term patterns. Survival of grasshoppers did not differ between infected (E+) and uninfected (E-) plants. Instead, mean relative growth rate of grasshoppers was higher on E+ grasses than on E- ones. Growth performance of newly hatched grasshopper nymphs varied among host plant clones, although two of six clones accounted for most of this variation. Our results suggest that Neotyphodium-grass-herbivore interactions may be much more variable in natural communities than predicted by studies of agronomically important Neotyphodium-grass associations, and herbivory is not always the driving selective force in endophyte-grass ecology and evolution. Thus, alternative hypotheses are necessary to explain the wide distribution and variable frequencies of endophytes in natural plant populations.

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Section: Clonal Differences Among Host Plantsmentioning

confidence: 57%

Section: Clonal Differences Among Host Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endophyte-grass-herbivore interactions: the case of Neotyphodium endophytes in Arizona fescue populations

et al. 1999

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“…Endophyte effects can be variable (Cheplick , ; Assuero et al . ), and it is unclear whether E+ and E− history turf cultivars would have differed if all of the E+ history cultivars were high endophyte at seeding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…). Endophyte effects can vary among individuals within a host population (Cheplick , ; Assuero et al . ), and the cultivars commonly used in endophyte‐removal studies may be more strongly affected by endophyte presence than other cultivars (Saikkonen et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultivar genotype, application and endophyte history affects community impact of Schedonorus arundinaceus

Yurkonis

Maherali

Bolton

et al. 2012

Journal of Applied Ecology

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Summary 1.Cultivars of several cool-season grasses used in forage and turf applications are developed to contain low (EÀ) or high (E+) seed fungal endophyte presence, and these characteristics may influence their competitive ability and effects on communities. 2. We established a long-term field experiment to test the predictions that Schedonorus arundinaceus (SA) tall fescue forage cultivars differ in their effects on communities from turf cultivars and that E+ cultivars differ in their effects on communities from EÀ cultivars. Two of the three E+ turf cultivars were low endophyte, and turf cultivars were therefore defined as 'E+ history' and 'EÀ history'. 3. Forage (EÀ) plots contained more SA than turf (EÀ history) plots and differed in community structure and function from turf (EÀ history) plots. Cultivar identity also influenced community structure and function in pairwise comparisons between forage (EÀ) and turf (EÀ history) plots. 4. Within the forage cultivars, E+ plots contained more SA and were marginally less dominated by other grasses than EÀ plots, but these differences were not consistent in comparisons between specific E+ and EÀ forage cultivars. Moreover, E+ and EÀ forage plots were similar in other aspects of community structure and function, indicating that a cultivar's endophyte status does not consistently determine its effects. 5. Despite low endophyte presence in two of three cultivars, E+ history turf plots differed in measures of composition, structure and nutrient cycling from EÀ history turf plots, indicating that there are genetic differences between E+ and EÀ cultivars which can influence their effects on communities. 6. Synthesis and applications. Schedonorus arundinaceus cultivars vary in their competitive ability and effects on communities, and this variation may be explained by the application for which the cultivars were developed, their endophyte status and genetic differences among cultivars within application categories. We recommend preferentially selecting cultivars developed for turf applications and cultivars with low seed endophyte presence to minimize negative effects of seeding a non-native grass on communities. However, final selections should be based on common trial performances because genetic differences between cultivars will affect their performance independently of their application category and endophyte status.

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“…In addition to resistance, endophyte infection might influence the tolerance of host plants (Belesky and Fedders, 1996; Cheplick, 1998; Bultman et al, 2004). Tolerance is the degree to which a plant can regrow and reproduce following damage (Strauss and Agrawal, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Endophyte Infection and Clipping Treatment on Resistance and Tolerance of Achnatherum sibiricum

et al. 2016

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It is well-documented that endophytes can enhance the resistance of agronomical grasses, such as tall fescue and perennial ryegrass to herbivory. For native grasses, however, the related reports are limited, and the conclusions are variable. Achnatherum sibiricum is a grass native to the Inner Mongolian steppe. This grass is highly infected by endophytes but does not produce detectable endophyte-related alkaloids known under normal conditions. In this study, the contributions of endophytes to the resistance of A. sibiricum to Locusta migratoria were studied. We found that locusts preferred EF (endophyte-free) plants to EI (endophyte-infected) plants, and the weight of locusts fed on EI plants was significantly lower than those fed on EF plants. Hence, endophyte infection significantly enhanced the resistance of the host to L. migratoria. Endophyte infection significantly decreased the concentration of soluble sugar and amino acids while significantly increased the concentration of total phenolic content, and these metabolites may contribute to herbivore resistance of the host. The clipping treatment further strengthened the locust resistance advantage of EI over EF plants. After clipping, the weight of the locusts fed on EI plants significantly decreased compared with those fed on unclipped plants, whereas the weight of the locusts fed on EF plants increased significantly. The results suggested that endophyte infection could increase herbivore resistance while decreasing the tolerance of the host grass by mechanisms apart from endophyte-conferred alkaloid defense.

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Genotypic variation in the regrowth of Lolium perenne following clipping: effects of nutrients and endophytic fungi

Cited by 61 publications

References 42 publications

Endophyte-grass-herbivore interactions: the case of Neotyphodium endophytes in Arizona fescue populations

Endophyte-grass-herbivore interactions: the case of Neotyphodium endophytes in Arizona fescue populations

Cultivar genotype, application and endophyte history affects community impact of Schedonorus arundinaceus

Effect of Endophyte Infection and Clipping Treatment on Resistance and Tolerance of Achnatherum sibiricum

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