Genotypic Variations in Ferulic Acid, Antioxidant Capacity and Yield Components of Thai Landrace Rice Genotypes

Abstract

Ferulic acid is a potent antioxidant in rice. The objective of this study was to evaluate the variations in ferulic acid and antioxidant capacity among landrace rice genotypes. The experiment is conducted under paddy field conditions in two locations. It uses a randomized complete block design with three replications, and the treatments consist of 24 landrace rice genotypes. Data are collected for yield and yield components, ferulic acid, and antioxidant capacity. Rice genotypes are significantly different for plant height, number of panicles per plant, number of seeds per panicle, 1,000 - seed weight and grain yield. Grain yields of 24 rice genotypes ranged from 1,476.9 to 4,348.1 kg/ha, and G24 is a good source for high grain yield. Variations in ferulic acid content and antioxidant capacity are found among genotypes. Ferulic acid contents range from 11.56 to 45.68 mg/100 g seed, and antioxidant capacity determined by the DPPH method ranged from 15.46 to 86.26%. G6 has the highest ferulic acid content and antioxidant capacity. These two genotypes are promising for parents in breeding programs targeting improved ferulic acid content, antioxidant capacity, and yield.

Stability of Phenols, Antioxidant Capacity and Grain Yield of Six Rice Genotypes

“…Previous studies indicated wide variations for these traits [21][22][23] and it is possible to select rice genotypes with good yield and agronomic traits. Genotypic variations in phenolic content, ferulic acid and antioxidant activity determined by the DPPH method have been reported in previous studies [24,25]. According to Muntana and Prasong [26], the antioxidant activities of rice bran extracts were in the following order, from high to low: red > black > white rice brans.…”

“…Three genotypes were of white rice, including Hom Nang Nual 1, Lhueang Thong and KDML105, and three genotypes were of black rice, including Mali Nil Boran, Mali Nil Surin and Riceberry. These genotypes were selected because of their differences in grain colors and antioxidant activities [24]. These genotypes were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replicates at three locations, including Trat province (12 Rice was planted in these locations during the main season on the same planting date in July 2019, and agronomic practices were the same in all the locations.…”