Genotyping and in vitro antifungal susceptibility of Neoscytalidium dimidiatum isolates from different origins

Madrid, Hugo; Ruíz-Cendoya, Mery; Cano, Josep; Stchigel, Alberto M.; Orofino, Rosane; Guarro, Josep

doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2009.05.006

Cited by 56 publications

(56 citation statements)

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“…In general, the most commonly reported species clinically are Colletotrichum spp. (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20), Neoscytalidium dimidiatum (21)(22)(23)(24)(25), and Phoma spp. (11,(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our study partly confirms the data from previous studies in which Neoscytalidium dimidiatum (approximately 15%), Paraconiothyrium cyclothyrioides (approximately 7%), and Phoma herbarum (approximately 6.5%) were the most common species, having been recovered mainly from superficial tissue and respiratory tract specimens. However, of these fungi, the only species that is relatively easy to identify by phenotypic criteria is N. dimidiatum, which is the best known coelomycetous fungus found clinically (22,23,36). The identification of the other fungi mentioned above generally requires the use of molecular tools due to the difficulty of achieving in vitro sporulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coelomycetous Fungi in the Clinical Setting: Morphological Convergence and Cryptic Diversity

et al. 2017

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Human infections by coelomycetous fungi are becoming more frequent and range from superficial to systemic dissemination. Traumatic implantation of contaminated plant material is the most common cause. The typical morphological feature of these fungi is the production of asexual spores (conidia) within fruiting bodies called conidiomata. This study aimed to determine the distribution of the coelomycetes in clinical samples by a phenotypic and molecular study of a large set of isolates received from a U.S. reference mycological institution and by obtaining the in vitro antifungal susceptibility pattern of nine antifungals against a selected group of isolates. A total of 230 isolates were identified by sequencing the D1 and D2 domains of the large subunit (LSU) nuclear ribosomal RNA (nrRNA) gene and by morphological characterization. Eleven orders of the phylum Ascomycota were identified: Pleosporales (the largest group; 66.1%), Botryosphaeriales (19.57%), Glomerellales (4.35%), Diaporthales (3.48%), Xylariales (2.17%), Hysteriales and Valsariales (0.87%), and Capnodiales, Helotiales, Hypocreales and Magnaporthales (0.43% each). The most prevalent species were Neoscytalidium dimidiatum, Paraconiothyrium spp., Phoma herbarum, Didymella heteroderae, and Epicoccum sorghinum. The most common anatomical site of isolation was superficial tissue (66.5%), followed by the respiratory tract (17.4%). Most of the isolates tested were susceptible to the majority of antifungals, and only flucytosine showed poor antifungal activity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coelomycetous Fungi in the Clinical Setting: Morphological Convergence and Cryptic Diversity

et al. 2017

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“…The taxonomic history of N. dimidiatum was discussed by Crous et al (2006). S. hyalinum is considered to be a variety (Madrid et al, 2009) or a melanin-deficient cultural mutant (Roeijmans et al, 1997) of N. dimidiatum.…”

Section: Molecular Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence, Molecular Characterisation, and Pathogenicity of Neoscytalidium Dimidiatum on Citrus in Italy

Polizzi¹,

Aiello²,

Castello³

et al. 2011

Acta Hortic.

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During 2008 and 2009, a new disease was noticed in eastern Sicily (Italy) in two re-grafted citrus orchards (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) on sour orange rootstock. Symptoms consisted of blight of vigorously growing shoots and a sooty canker on shoots and rootstock trunks. A Scytalidium-like fungus was isolated consistently from symptomatic tissues on 2% potato-dextrose agar (PDA). The mycelium was composed of branched, septate, brown hyphae which disarticulated into 0-1-septate phragmospores. In culture it also produced a pycnidial synanamorph, with hyaline conidiogenous cells that were intermingled with paraphyses. Conidia were ellipsoid to ovoid, hyaline, with an acutely rounded apex, truncate base, initially aseptate, becoming brown and 2-septate at maturity, with the central cell darker than the end cells. Genomic DNA was extracted from mycelia of single-conidial isolates cultivated on 2% malt extract agar and the nuclear rRNA operon spanning the 3' end of 18S rRNA gene, the internal transcribed spacers, the 5.8S rRNA gene, and a part of the 5' end of the 28S rRNA gene was amplified and sequenced. On the basis of morphological characters and molecular data, the fungal isolates were identified as Neoscytalidium dimidiatum (Penz.) Crous & Slippers. Koch's postulates were satisfied and confirmed the pathogenicity of the fungus. N. dimidiatum appears to pose a serious threat to re-grafted citrus orchards. INTRODUCTIONIn September 2008, a new disease was noticed in eastern Sicily (Italy) in a 2-yearold re-grafted citrus orchard of sweet orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] 'Tarocco Scirè' on sour orange rootstock. Symptoms on the sweet orange scion consisted of blight of vigorously growing shoots and a sooty canker on shoots and rootstock trunks, resulting in shoot dieback to the cankered area. Masses of black fungal spores appeared under the bark and on the canker surface. Abundant gummosis was frequently associated with the affected tissues. A Scytalidium-like fungus was isolated consistently from symptomatic tissues on 2% potato-dextrose agar (PDA). The objectives of this work were i) to determine the relationship of the Scytalidium-like fungus to shoot blight, canker, and gummosis, ii) evaluate the importance of this disease on re-grafted citrus orchards, and iii) the characterisation of the fungal isolates on the basis of morphological and molecular data.

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“…Voriconazole (GM MIC, 1.37 mg/liter; range, 0.06 to 4 mg/liter) also appeared to have greater in vitro potency than posaconazole (GM MIC, 6.15 mg/liter; range, 0.06 to 32 mg/liter) (15). Micafungin appeared to have little activity, while anidulafungin had activity against some isolates (15).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In vitro susceptibility testing performed by Madrid et al on isolates of N. dimidiatum obtained from primarily noninvasive human infections and some plant infections demonstrated that amphotericin B and terbinafine had the greatest potency of the antifungal agents tested, with geometric mean (GM) MICs of 0.32 and 0.70 mg/liter, respectively (15). Voriconazole (GM MIC, 1.37 mg/liter; range, 0.06 to 4 mg/liter) also appeared to have greater in vitro potency than posaconazole (GM MIC, 6.15 mg/liter; range, 0.06 to 32 mg/liter) (15).…”

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Pulmonary Fungal Infection Caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum

et al. 2015

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Neoscytalidium dimidiatum is a mold known to cause onychomycosis and dermatomycosis; however, it is an extremely rare cause of systemic infection. We report a case of pulmonary infection with Neoscytalidium dimidiatum in an immunocompromised patient and discuss in vitro susceptibility data from this case and previous literature. CASE REPORTA 50-year-old male was admitted to the hospital with a 2-day history of worsening alteration in mental status and abdominal distention after being discharged from a skilled nursing facility. His past medical history was significant for cirrhosis secondary to chronic hepatitis C viral infection. The patient had a previous hospital admission 1 month prior for altered mental status. He was found to have a frontal lobe mass during that admission, which was resected, and the patient was diagnosed with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). He was started on dexamethasone at 2 mg every 6 h for cerebral edema, which was continued on readmission.Physical examination demonstrated pertinent findings of jaundice and a large, firm, distended abdomen, which was nontender to palpation. The patient's lungs were clear to auscultation bilaterally. Laboratory studies on readmission revealed the following clinical values: white blood cell count, 20,100 cells/mm 3 (neutrophils, 84%); hemoglobin, 13.5 g/dl; hematocrit, 39%; platelets, 85,000/mm 3 ; serum creatinine, 0.57 mg/dl; international normalized ratio, 1.62; total protein, 5.2 g/dl; albumin, 2.5 g/dl; aspartate aminotransferase, 52 U/liter; alanine aminotransferase, 130 U/liter; alkaline phosphatase, 138 U/liter; total bilirubin, 1.2 mg/dl (direct bilirubin, 0.5 mg/dl); ammonia, 131 mol/liter; and lactate, 2.5 mmol/liter. Analysis of the peritoneal fluid showed 149 total nucleated cells/mm 3 , with 37% neutrophils and no bacterial growth on culture.On hospital day 1, a computed tomography (CT) with contrast of the abdomen and pelvis to evaluate for ascites described new incidental findings of multiple bilateral pulmonary nodules, compared to a CT with contrast of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis from 27 days prior. There was concern for lymphomatous metastases of the lung. However, a noncontrast CT of the chest on hospital day 5 showed multiple lung nodules increasing in size, several cavitating, suggestive of infection. The patient remained afebrile, and his leukocytosis had improved to 16,200 cells/mm 3 at the time of this finding. The infectious diseases team was consulted, and a bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed.Cultures from sputum collected on hospital day 5 and BAL fluid collected on hospital day 6 were positive on hospital day 9 for growth of wooly, brown colonies on Sabouraud dextrose and inhibitory mold agars at 30°C. No growth was observed on brain heart infusion agar with cycloheximide and gentamicin or on Mycosel agar. Microscopically, the mold produced continuous, blocky, brown arthroconidia and septate hyphae, and a preliminary identification of Neoscytalidium sp. was made. As both the sputum and BAL fluid samples grew...

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Genotyping and in vitro antifungal susceptibility of Neoscytalidium dimidiatum isolates from different origins

Cited by 56 publications

References 13 publications

Coelomycetous Fungi in the Clinical Setting: Morphological Convergence and Cryptic Diversity

Coelomycetous Fungi in the Clinical Setting: Morphological Convergence and Cryptic Diversity

Occurrence, Molecular Characterisation, and Pathogenicity of Neoscytalidium Dimidiatum on Citrus in Italy

Pulmonary Fungal Infection Caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum

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