Genotyping of Avian infectious bronchitis viruses in Iran (2015–2017) reveals domination of IS-1494 like virus

Abstract

Avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is causing major economic losses to the poultry industry. The analysis of the S1 gene has been used to determine IBV genotype. The aim of this study was genotyping of IBVs circulating among the Iranian broiler flocks in the period between 2015 to 2017. Trachea samples from 278 broiler flocks were collected from broiler farms in eight provinces of Iran. After Real-time RT-PCR, IBV-positive samples were further characterized based on S1 gene. The results of the Real-time RT-PCR showed that 52.16% of flocks were IBV positive. Four genotypes were detected and the frequency of occurrence rates of IS-1494-like, 793/B, QX and Massachusetts IBV genotypes were 70.34%, 19.31%, 7.58% and 2.75%, respectively. Sequence analysis revealed that nucleotide identities within IS-1494-like group ranged between 98.86-100%, while each of the QX, Massachusetts and 793/B groups were 98.05-100%, 98.20-100% and 93.29-100% respectively. These results show that the IS-1494-like IBV is the dominant IBV genotype in Iran. Proper control strategies are essential to overcoming the high frequency of occurrence of IS-1494-like IBV. The phylogenetic relationship of the strains with respect to different sequences and geographical regions displayed complexity and diversity. Further studies are needed and should include the isolation and full-length molecular characterization of IBV in Iran.

Molecular identification of infectious bronchitis virus isolated from respiratory diseases in some Iranian broiler flocks

“…Overall, the four lineages were circulating in the 40 flocks. Since 1998, serotypes 793/B (GI-13 lineage) and Massachusetts (GI-1 lineage) have been the most common viruses in the Iranian farms [ 14 , 16 , 17 ]. However, there may have been other variants that probably have not been identified.…”

“…However, there may have been other variants that probably have not been identified. Modiri et al [ 16 ] also attempted to genotype IBV circulating in the Iranian broiler flocks from 2015 to 2017 showed that 52.16% of the flocks were IBV-positive. These researchers reported variant -2 (IS-1494-like viruses) as the predominant type, followed by 793/B, Massachusetts, and QX-like viruses, respectively.…”

Prevalence of avian influenza, Newcastle disease, and infectious bronchitis viruses in broiler flocks infected with multifactorial respiratory diseases in Iran, 2015–2016

“…In study that was done by Modiri et al, bronchitis has posed to be a challenge in broiler farms of Iran's neighboring countries as well (Modiri Hamadan et al 2017). In an experiment relevant to Iraq during the years 2013-2014, 32 samples of IB virus were identified from 100 samples collected.…”

Coronavirus: proteomics analysis of chicken kidney tissue infected with variant 2 (IS-1494)-like avian infectious bronchitis virus

“…IS/1494/06 is one of the most prevalent IBV strains in poultry flocks in many countries, especially in the Middle East region, [ 14 – 16 ]. The purpose of this study was to acquire knowledge about the proteome of the kidney tissue of specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens infected with a local isolate of a nephrotropic variant 2 genotype (IS/1494/06).…”