Genotyping ofLeptospiraspp. in wild rats leads to first time detection ofL. kirshneriserovar Mozdok in Serbia

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and molecular characterization of Leptospira species in Belgrade, Serbia, an area where this disease is underexplored. Specifically, the study sought to employ molecular and multilocus sequence typing analyses to fill the gap in understanding the diversity and distribution of Leptospira species within the region. A comprehensive molecular analysis was conducted on kidney samples obtained from Norway rats (Rattus novegicus) in urban environments. The study utilized molecular diagnostic techniques including real-time PCR targeting the lipL32 gene and performing sequence-based typing schemes utilizing adk, icdA, lipL32, lipL41, rrs2 and secY genes. These methodologies were applied to ascertain the presence and characterize different Leptospira species and serotypes, respectively. The findings revealed the presence of two Leptospira species and three separate serotypes in the Belgrade area. Moreover, this study identified the presence of L. kirschneri serovar Mozdok in Serbia for the first time, a significant discovery previously undocumented in the region. This pioneering investigation sheds light on the molecular diversity and prevalence of Leptospira species in Serbia. The study underscores the importance of employing molecular typing methods to gain insights into the epidemiology and characterization of Leptospira species. These findings significantly contribute to both local and global perspectives on leptospirosis epidemiology, providing vital insights for the development of effective control strategies and interventions.