Geo-arqueología del Monumento Nacional Guayabo (MNG), Turrialba, Costa Rica

Obando, Luis G.; Peraldo, Giovanni

doi:10.15517/rgac.v0i44.3449

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…These problems are related directly to the uncontrolled surface and groundwater circulation, which have damaged some of the structures over the years. However, based on Obando and Peraldo (2011) and what we have seen in the field, so far the mass movements at the site have been only superficial and limited between the ground and the bedrock (no more than 5-6 m deep). Although there are evidences of important mass displacement in the surrounding areas, they are not directly affecting the GNM.…”

Section: Turrialba Volcano and The Guayabo National Monument Case Studymentioning

confidence: 86%

“…The geological and geomorphological information in the Poás region is based on works by Ruiz et al (2010), Salani and Alvarado (2010), Alvarado (2008) Alvarado et al (2011), andRuiz (2012), and the archeological information relies heavily on the works of Hurtado de Mendoza and Castillo (2005), Zúñiga Jiménez (2005), and Alvarado et al (2011). In the Guayabo region, geomorphological information is based on Obando and Peraldo (2011) and part of the archeological information is based on Fonseca and Hurtado de Mendoza (1984), Acuña (1987), Aguilar (1972), and Alarcón (2012Alarcón ( , 2013Alarcón ( , 2017.…”

Section: Sites Of Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to understand the benefits and difficulties that the ancient and current inhabitants of Guayabo faced by living on the flank of an active volcano, a geomorphological analysis of the area is provided (Figure 5). This map, overlayed over a DEM, shows the data from Obando and Peraldo (2011) and our own discoveries and interpretations of the external geodynamic processes that are currently impacting this area.…”

Section: Turrialba Volcano and The Guayabo National Monument Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hydrological knowledge had to be applied to be able to conduct water with high precision and allow the development of the site itself. Terraces were built on the surrounding hillsides to integrate and articulate the architectural design with the environment (Obando and Peraldo, 2011). Based on our observations, the archeological site is located in a landslide/fluvial erosion prone area.…”

Section: Turrialba Volcano and The Guayabo National Monument Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geomorphological Insights on Human-Volcano Interactions and Use of Volcanic Materials in Pre-Hispanic Cultures of Costa Rica through the Holocene

Ruiz¹,

Mana

Gutierrez³

et al. 2018

Front. Earth Sci.

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Critical Zones (CZ) in tropical environments, especially near active volcanoes, are rich in resources such as water, food, and construction materials. In Central America, people have lived near volcanic centers for thousands of years and learned to take advantage of these resources. Understanding how pre-Hispanic societies lived in this type of CZs and interacted with volcanoes, provides us with insights on how to reduce the negative impact derived from volcanic activity in modern cities. In this multidisciplinary approach we focus on two case studies in Costa Rica near Poás and Turrialba volcanoes, which are currently active, in order to obtain a comprehensive view of human-volcano interactions through time. We use a methodology based on historical accounts, geological and archeological fieldwork, geomorphological characterization based on remote sensing techniques and past (pre-Hispanic), and present land use analysis. The northern Poás region represents a case of a poorly developed pre-Hispanic society, which subsisted mainly on hunting and gathering activities, had no permanent settlements and was probably affected by the activity of the Hule and Río Cuarto maars. In spite of their vulnerability and lack of infrastructure, they used geomorphology to their advantage, achieving natural protection. Conversely, the Guayabo National Monument (GNM) near Turrialba Volcano represents a cultural peak in pre-Hispanic societies in Costa Rica. Archeological remains and structures at this site indicate that this society had a good understanding of physical and geological processes and was therefore able to take advantage of natural resources for water and food supply, construction, and protection as well as hazard prevention and mitigation. The use of new technologies, some accessible and low-cost such as Google Earth and others with restricted access and higher costs such as LiDAR, allowed us to complete a rapid and efficient characterization of land use and geomorphological features of the study area. This study helps to establish how some locations near volcanic edifices are more prone the effects of volcanic hazards than others and why this data should be included in volcanic risk assessment and land planning processes.

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Section: Turrialba Volcano and The Guayabo National Monument Case Studymentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Sites Of Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Turrialba Volcano and The Guayabo National Monument Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Turrialba Volcano and The Guayabo National Monument Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Geomorphological Insights on Human-Volcano Interactions and Use of Volcanic Materials in Pre-Hispanic Cultures of Costa Rica through the Holocene

Ruiz¹,

Mana

Gutierrez³

et al. 2018

Front. Earth Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Salgado (2005), in his study about landslides and floods in the Gila River in Honduras reports that Hurricane Mitch (22 October-5 November 1998) seriously damaged the region of the Copan Ruins, a well known WHS in Honduras. More recently, Obando and Peraldo (2011) point out the importance of controlling by means of engineering work, the surface runoff, near the Guayabo National Monument in Costa Rica, to avoid the risk of damaging floods. Table 1 reveals some examples of environmental impacts on regional WHS during the period 2008-2012.…”

Section: World Heritage Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weather and climate socio-economic impacts in Central America for the management and protection of world heritage sites and the Diquis Delta culture in Costa Rica (a case study)

Amador

Alfaro

2014

Adv. Geosci.

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Abstract. The Central America region hosts a valuable amount of World Heritage Sites (WHS), many of them located in areas of floods, landslides, drought, high winds, intense precipitations, and earthquakes. The effective management of WHS requires the understanding of this type of environmental phenomena and their potential impacts on these sites. The objective of this work is twofold. To make an analysis of some of the atmospheric systems (easterly waves, cold fronts and tropical cyclones [TCs]) hitting Central America, to estimate their effects on socio-economic activities and potential impacts on WHS during the period 2002-2012. The second objective is to identify, for a case study, the potential effects of hydro-meteorological events associated with a tropical storm on the Diquis Delta region in southern Costa Rica. This site, an important unique archeological site of stone spheres, has been proposed by this country as a WHS. To achieve both, public data bases like HURDAT (North Atlantic Hurricane Database), and information from regional newspapers and National Emergency Committees, among other sources, were used for the study of socio-economic impacts caused by these natural hazards. To accomplish the latter, course resolution NCEP/NCAR (National Center for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research) Reanalysis atmospheric data served to initialize version 5 of a numerical atmospheric mesoscale model (MM5). This approach permitted to obtain higher resolution gridded data for a set of atmospheric variables for a case study associated with the formation of tropical storm Alma upon the Pacific basin. The MM5 resulted winds and precipitation, among other variables, were then used to evaluate potential impacts on the WHS region. Among the systems analyzed for Central America, TCs were the ones that most severely impacted regional social life and worsened the already weak regional economies. During the period analyzed, TCs affected regions where WHS are very relevant to cultural life and touristic income. The MM5 derived data shows its potential for providing detailed spacetime atmospheric data to help quantify and anticipate impacts for WHS protection and management. The overall results are expected to bring the attention of organizations and governments about the importance of socio-economic and cultural losses associated with the impacts caused by natural hazards near WHS in the region.

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Unsaturated seepage analysis at the Guayabo National Archaeological Monument, Costa Rica

Baltodano-Goulding

2020

E3S Web Conf.

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The Guayabo National Archaeological Monument is considered one of the most important historical and political ceremonial centers of pre-Columbian Costa Rica, Central America, and it depicts the ingenuity and the quality of life of Costa Rica´s inhabitants between 800 BC and AD 1400. This site was named International Historic Civil Engineering Landmark in 2009 by the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE). Evaluation of the unsaturated flow at the Northwestern slope using a two-dimensional model was performed. It was determined from field and modeling that at a relatively shallow depth the soil is relatively impermeable; thus, producing a large amount of run-off that tends to deteriorate the archaeological structures, and induce landslides. As part of the site investigation, exploratory borings were performed, and piezometers were installed in the upper, middle, and bottom parts of the slope. A series of laboratory testing was also performed to obtain index soil and permeability properties. The soil-water characteristic used to develop the K-Curve was also obtained. Additionally, a groundwater model was created using the geotechnical model and a water balance analysis for the area, where different scenarios of recharge and precipitation were analyzed taking into consideration the observed data. The volume of slope run-off through towards the archaeological site was estimated and the areas where it emerges, as well as the field groundwater.

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Geo-arqueología del Monumento Nacional Guayabo (MNG), Turrialba, Costa Rica

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Geomorphological Insights on Human-Volcano Interactions and Use of Volcanic Materials in Pre-Hispanic Cultures of Costa Rica through the Holocene

Geomorphological Insights on Human-Volcano Interactions and Use of Volcanic Materials in Pre-Hispanic Cultures of Costa Rica through the Holocene

Weather and climate socio-economic impacts in Central America for the management and protection of world heritage sites and the Diquis Delta culture in Costa Rica (a case study)

Unsaturated seepage analysis at the Guayabo National Archaeological Monument, Costa Rica

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