Geo-polymerization technique for brick production from coal ash and cigarette butts

Ecological Risk Indicators for Leached Heavy Metals from Coal Ash Generated at a Malaysian Power Plant

“…CA is a sustainable supply for numerous innovative applications [1,12,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]59]. The reuse of CA as cement replacement material has been practiced in the US construction industries for decades [23,24] due to its pozzolanic property [3,10,11,26].…”

“…There are many recycled products made from CA such as radionuclide stabilizers in roadway pavements [12], adsorbents [13] and coagulants for wastewater treatment [14]. Moreover, it is useful as cement replacement material [15], good for brick production [16] and convenient as aggregate for concrete made from the combination of granite waste and FA [17]. 'CA' is also rich in heavy metals making it a premium source for aluminium extraction [14,18,19] as well as a source of rare earth metallic elements (e.g., yttrium, scandium, and 14 elements of the lanthanide series) [1,[20][21][22].…”

Employment of cisco metal slag in fly ash bricks for a progressive sustainable solution for reusing waste from manufacture of creation materials

“…The first attempt was made to replace lime with a mixture of steel slag and Class-C fly ash. According to Indian codal provision three types were taken in account (Type1, Type2, Type3) with replacement.The fly ash brick made by adding two materials coal ash and cigarette butt ash with replacement of 0% to 15% this brick is obtained geo-polymerization technique the result in high potential and increase the compressive strength only [1] but the fly ash with partial replaced by another materials of local soil with lime in different ratio to reach the result in 10% in the failed the water absorption [2] . In the same fly ash used with byproduct of red mud and rice husk ash with additional used the sodium silicate solution the result is suggest high heat resistance and increased compressive strength after exposed a high temperature in the same process repeated the another set of material like foundry sand and electric arc furnace slag with different ratio 70:30:0,60:30:10,50:0:20 and 40:30:30 with sodium hydroxide and 98% of purity sodium silicate added to increase the strength of 25.76Mpa after 28 days and geo-polymerization technique to be analysis the better bonding of IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1125/1/012024 2 materials [3,14] .In the natural waste materials are used to replaced three set of material primary set of material is cow dung ash and wood ash with partial used the fly ash, secondary ground net shell ash and final set of material is corncob ash in this material partial replaced the fly ash in 5% to 20% to increase the water absorption, compressive strength and efflorescence.…”