Geoarchaeology of Roman Underground Quarries at Ksour Essaf (Tunisia)

Gaied, Mohamed Essghaïer; Gallala, Wissem; Younès, Ameur

doi:10.1007/s12371-014-0138-4

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Indeed, geoheritage discussions (by contrast with cultural heritage discussions more generally) have typically focused upon natural features with a heritage significance, rather than anything more akin to artefacts, although there are exceptions [20]. The standing of "heritage" does not imply the standing of "artefact".…”

Section: Arguments For Indirect Valuingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valuing Humans and Valuing Places: “Integrity” and the Preferred Terminology for Geoethics

Milligan

2018

Geosciences

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What follows will support the centrality of appeals to the integrity of places as a plausible way of extending the concept of integrity in the light of our actual practices of valuing. The emphasis will, however, be upon practices of valuing rather than upon metaphysical claims about "inherent value". The latter are not dismissed, they are merely set aside. The guiding thought is that our ethical theory should not depart too greatly from our understanding of how and what humans actually do hold to be of value in any particular culturally-shaped context. Following an introduction to the concept of integrity (Section 1), the discussion will open with an attempt to show that we do sometimes value places non-instrumentally (Section 2), even though we tend to look elsewhere to justify our respect for, and valuing of, places (Section 3). It will then proceed through a defence of appeals to such valuing as ethically significant (Section 4), before moving on to a provisional account of integrity as an effective way of making sense of what it is that we value when we value places in their own right (Section 5). Unlike Rolston, who is strongly associated with the concept of integrity, the intention is not to go metaphysically deep and identify something akin to the moral properties of things. Rather, the concern will be with the kinds of considerations that agents would typically point to as a reason for valuing places without any deeper set of claims about inherent value. This provides a less troubling, more metaphysically "neutral", way of addressing matters. The paper is intended for an audience working on Geoethics; however, the norms of argument will be those associated more narrowly with philosophical ethics.

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Section: Arguments For Indirect Valuingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valuing Humans and Valuing Places: “Integrity” and the Preferred Terminology for Geoethics

Milligan

2018

Geosciences

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“…(Italy) [1]; Apulia calcarenite in SE Italy [2]; Ksour Essaf limestone in Tunisia [3]; Globigerina limestone in Malta [4]; Marés stone and Santanyí stone in Mallorca (Spain) [5][6]; and San Julián stone and Bateig stone in Alicante (Spain) [7]. In this framework, the unfinished baroque fortress of Nueva Tabarca island (SE of Spain), and the local calcarenite used for its construction, constitutes an exemplary study case.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stone weathering under Mediterranean semiarid climate in the fortress of Nueva Tabarca island (Spain)

Martı́nez-Martı́nez

Benavente

Gutiérrez³

et al. 2017

Building and Environment

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The Nueva Tabarca fortress constitutes an exceptional example of baroque architectural heritage. However, the aggressiveness of the local environment and the low suitability of the used building stone cause their fast deterioration. The hydro-mechanical properties of the building stones, the characteristics of their porous system (open porosity and pore size distribution), the global climate of the island and the particular microenvironmental conditions of each studied monument explain the weathering process acting on the porous limestone of Nueva Tabarca. Results reveal that Halite crystallization and wind erosion are the main weathering agents. On the one hand, wind plays a critical weathering action because it controls the salt crystallization process, the abrasion by wind-blown particles, as well as the wind-driven rain impact. Different weathering forms are related to each erosion mechanism. On the other hand, the relative humidity in the island determines the agressiveness of the halite crystallization process. Salt damage activity was calculated quantifying not only the number of halite crystallizationdissolution transitions, but also the duration of the driest periods. Finally, a novel parameter (Equivalent Years, Y eq) is defined in order to quantify the representativeness of standarized artificial ageing tests. Y eq expresses the number of years of natural ageing required for achieving the same weathered state of rocks after laboratory procedures. A wide range of Y eq values are obtained for the studied rocks (from 8 to 165 years), showing a strong dependency with both the exposure time as well as the agressiveness of the environment.

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“…[22][23][24][25], identification of the stones and quarries used in the construction of ancient buildings and monuments [e.g. [26][27][28][29][30][31][32] and the characterization of stone types, especially in decorative and gem stones, as a means of tracing trade and regional relations in the ancient world [33][34][35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical and petrographic identification of stone quarries used for the construction of the Anahita Temple of Kangavar (West Iran)

et al. 2020

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The archaeological site of the Anahita Temple in Kangavar is one of the best-known stone monuments in western Iran and dates back to the Persian Empire period of Iranian history (about 550 BC to 650 AD). The Temple was constructed on a semi-artificial hill out of large stone blocks, many of which are cubic in shape, and short thick columns. In the Kangavar area (basin) there are various sites in which there is evidence of stone extraction. The aim of this paper is to characterize the stones used in the Anahita Temple of Kangavar and their correlations with the quarrying activities observed in the Kangavar regions. In fact, we tried to find out which of these quarries may have been the source of the stone blocks used in the construction of the Anahita Temple. To this end the stones used in the Temple have been characterized by conducting a multi-analytical study involving chemical, mineralogical and textural analyses including XRF, XRD and thin section petrography. The results show that although all the quarries could have provided the stone used in the construction of the Temple, the largest, most probable source was the Chel Maran quarry. It is due to the more similarity of stones used in the Anahita Temple and the samples from this quarry from geochemical point of view as well as the archaeological evidences present in this quarry. The results are also useful for conservators to select appropriate materials for reconstruction of the decayed parts of the Anahita Temple.

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Geoarchaeology of Roman Underground Quarries at Ksour Essaf (Tunisia)

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

Valuing Humans and Valuing Places: “Integrity” and the Preferred Terminology for Geoethics

Valuing Humans and Valuing Places: “Integrity” and the Preferred Terminology for Geoethics

Stone weathering under Mediterranean semiarid climate in the fortress of Nueva Tabarca island (Spain)

Geochemical and petrographic identification of stone quarries used for the construction of the Anahita Temple of Kangavar (West Iran)

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