Geochemical and biochemical evidence of lake overturn and fish kill at Lake Averno, Italy

Caliro, Stefano; Chiodini, Giovanni; Izzo, G.; Minopoli, Carmine; Signorini, Antonella; Avino, R.; Granieri, Domenico

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.06.023

Cited by 41 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…For example, Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun (Cameroon), and Lake Averno (Italy) are characterized by δ 13 C DIC values of −3.4‰ to −6.7‰ and −5.3‰ to −6.3‰, respectively (Kusakabe et al 1989;Caliro et al 2008).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-dependent CO2 variations in Lake Albano associated with seismic activity

et al. 2011

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Lake Albano (Alban Hills volcanic complex, Central Italy) is located in a densely populated area near Rome. The deep lake waters have significant dissolved CO 2 concentrations, probably related to sub-lacustrine fluid discharges fed by a pressurized CO 2 -rich reservoir. The analytical results of geochemical surveys carried out in 1989-2010 highlight the episodes of CO 2 removal from the lake. The total mass of dissolved CO 2 decreased from ∼5.8× 10 7 kg in 1989 to ∼0.5×10 7 kg in 2010, following an exponential decreasing trend. Calculated values of both dissolved inorganic carbon and CO 2 concentrations along the vertical profile of the lake indicate that this decrease is caused by CO 2 release from the epilimnion, at depth <9 m, combined with (1) water circulation at depth <95 m and (2) CO 2 diffusion from the deeper lake layers. According to this model, Lake Albano was affected by a large CO 2 input that coincided with the last important seismic swarm at Alban Hills in 1989, suggesting an intimate relationship between the addition of deep-originated CO 2 to the lake and seismic activity. In the case of a CO 2 degassing event of an order of magnitude larger than the one that occurred in 1989, the deepest part of Lake Albano would become CO 2 -saturated, resulting in conditions compatible with the occurrence of a gas outburst. These results reinforce the idea that a sudden CO 2 input into the lake may cause the release of a dense gas cloud, presently representing the major volcanic threat for this densely populated area.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-dependent CO2 variations in Lake Albano associated with seismic activity

et al. 2011

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“…If the store gas volume is low, lethal risk is limited for humans, but the biosphere can be severely damaged by sulfidic waters. Obvious examples are fish kill events in Lake Averno, Italy (Caliro et al, 2008) and in Hule and Rìo Cuarto lakes, Costa…”

Section: Implication For Hazards Assessment In Volcanic Lakesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extreme events in the sedimentary record of maar Lake Pavin: Implications for natural hazards assessment in the French Massif Central

Chassiot

Chapron

Giovanni

et al. 2016

Quaternary Science Reviews

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A set of sedimentary cores, high resolution swath bathymetry and subbottom profiler data provides new insights on sedimentary processes in meromictic maar Lake Pavin, France.Three sedimentary environments (i.e., littoral, plateau and basin) have been identified in the lake from sediment composition using bulk organic geochemistry and the analysis of hydroacoustic images. Various forms of rapidly deposited layers (RDLs) have been identified and radiocarbon dated. An up to date stratigraphy of sedimentary events matching coeval RDLs across the lake is presented and illustrates a wide range of natural hazards linked to Lake Pavin during the last 2,000 years. In AD 600, a sudden lake outburst triggered a slump deposit along with a 9 m lake-level drop that drove shifts in sedimentary organic matter composition. Outside the lake, outburst flood deposits have been described downstream and provide sedimentary evidence for this event. The lake-level drop also favored the generation of gravity reworking phenomena, as shown by (1) a regional earthquake-triggered large slope failure on the plateau connected to a mass-wasting deposit in the basin dated to AD 1300, and (2) a succession of turbidites in AD 1825 and AD 1860 contemporaneous to two historic earthquakes, suggesting that this lake is sensitive to earthquakes with a minimum epicentral intensity of V. Finally, past observations of lake water color changes in AD 1783 and AD 1936, similar to reports in other meromictic lakes, match iron-rich deposits identified in maar lake sediments and suggest that Lake Pavin could have undergone limnic eruptions.

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“…Gases dissolved in waters were sampled using preevacuated 250 mL glass vials equipped with a Teflon stopcock. Sampling flasks were filled with water up to ¾ of the flasks inner volume (Caliro et al, 2008). Gases (CO 2 , N 2 , Ar, O 2 , CH 4 , H 2 , and He) in the headspace of both the Giggenbach-type flasks and those used for the collection of dissolved gases were analyzed at the Department of Earth Sciences of the University of Florence (Italy) by gas-chromatography (GC) using a Shimadzu 15A equipped with a 10 m long 5A-molecular sieve column and a thermal conductivity detector (TCD) (Vaselli et al, 2006).…”

Section: Gasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and isotopic features of cold and thermal fluids discharged in the Southern Volcanic Zone between 32.5°S and 36°S: Insights into the physical and chemical processes controlling fluid geochemistry in geothermal systems of Central Chile

et al. 2016

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The Principal Cordillera of Central Chile is characterized by two belts of different ages and lithologies: (i) an eastern Mesozoic belt, consisting of limestone-and gypsum-rich sedimentary rocks at the border between Central Chile and Argentina, where the active volcanic arc occurs; and (ii) a western belt of Cenozoic age containing basaltic to andesitic volcanic and volcanoclastic sequences. This distinctive geological setting controls water chemistry of cold and thermal springs in the region, which are fed by meteoric water that circulates through deep regional structures. In the western sector of Principal Cordillera, water-rock interaction processes produce low TDS, slightly alkaline HCO 3 − dominated waters, although dissolution of underlying Mesozoic evaporitic rocks occasionally causes SO 4 2− and Cl − enrichments. In this area, few Na dolomite, anhydrite, fluorite, albite, K-feldspar and Ca-and Mg-saponites at a broad range of temperatures (up tõ 300°C) In the associated gas phase, equilibria of chemical reactions characterized by slow kinetics (e.g. sabatier reaction) suggested significant contributions from hot and oxidizing magmatic gases. This hypothesis is consistent with the δ 13 C-CO 2 , Rc/Ra, CO 2 / 3 He values of the fumarolic gases. Accordingly, the isotopic signatures of the fumarolic steam is similar to that of fluids discharged from the summit craters of the two active volcanoes in the study area (Tupungatito and Planchón-Peteroa). These results encourage the development of further geochemical and geophysical surveys aimed to provide an exhaustive evaluation of the geothermal potential of these volcanic-hydrothermal systems.

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Geochemical and biochemical evidence of lake overturn and fish kill at Lake Averno, Italy

Cited by 41 publications

References 36 publications

Time-dependent CO2 variations in Lake Albano associated with seismic activity

Time-dependent CO2 variations in Lake Albano associated with seismic activity

Extreme events in the sedimentary record of maar Lake Pavin: Implications for natural hazards assessment in the French Massif Central

Chemical and isotopic features of cold and thermal fluids discharged in the Southern Volcanic Zone between 32.5°S and 36°S: Insights into the physical and chemical processes controlling fluid geochemistry in geothermal systems of Central Chile

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