Geochemical characteristics of carbonates and indicative significance of the sedimentary environment based on carbon-oxygen isotopes, trace elements and rare earth elements: case study of the Lower Paleozoic carbonates in the Gucheng area, Tarim Basin, China

Analysis of the Genetic Model of the Extremely Narrow Channel Shallow Water Delta in DL-A Oilfield, Bohai Bay Basin

“…The redox state of the sedimentary environment controls the enrichment of the redox-sensitive trace elements in sediments or sedimentary rocks. − In addition, the paleo-salinity, paleo-climatic conditions, etc. of the sedimentary environment will also affect the enrichment of trace elements. , By analyzing the ratio of different elements and other information, it can effectively reflect sedimentary information such as paleo-salinity, paleo-redox conditions, and paleo-climate. − …”

Carbon and oxygen isotopes of the Lianglitage Formation in the Tazhong area, Tarim Basin: Implications for sea‐level changes and palaeomarine conditions

“…The Z values calculated from Z = 2.048 × (δ 13 C + 50) + 0.498 × (δ 18 O + 50) (Keith & Weber, 1964) ranged from 127.721 to 130.523, with an average of 126.25. When the Z value is greater than 120, it indicates that carbonate rocks are of seawater origin (Wang & Xia, 2000; Zhou et al, 2021). According to T(°C) = 16.9–4.2 × (δc − δw) + 0.13 × (δc − δw) 2 (Craig, 1965), δc − δw = δ 18 O + 0.22 (Shao, 1994) calculated that the sea water temperature during the deposition of Lianglitage Formation ranged from 14.16 to 28.46°C, with an average of 21.247°C.…”

“…130.523, with an average of 126.25. When the Z value is greater than 120, it indicates that carbonate rocks are of seawater origin(Wang & Xia, 2000;Zhou et al, 2021). According to T( C) = 16.9-4.2 Â (δc À δw) + 0.13 Â (δc À δw) 2(Craig, 1965), δc À δw = δ 18 O + 0.22(Shao, 1994) calculated that the sea water temperature during the deposition of Lianglitage Formation ranged from 14.16 to 28.46 C, F I G U R E 6 Palaeomarine conditions and sea-level changes in the Lianglitage Formation in well TZ72 in the Tazhong area with an average of 21.247 C. The calculated seawater temperature shows that the Lianglitage Formation was deposited in a tropical to subtropical climate and is consistent with the previous research results…”