“…With the development of reservoir characterization and special mining techniques, the characteristics of fine‐grained sedimentary rocks as reservoirs have been revealed, and their huge oil and gas resource potential has been confirmed. Therefore, fine‐grained sedimentary rocks, especially organic‐rich shales with integrated source and storage rock has received increasing attention from industry and academia (Aplin & Macquaker, 2011; Bechtel et al, 2012; Birdwell & Washburn, 2015; Liu et al, 2020; Mussa, Kalkreuth, Pimentel Mizusaki, & Bicca, 2021). Fine‐grained sedimentary rock refers to clay‐grade and silt‐grade sediments (particle size less than 65 μm), Usually contains mudstone, shale, argillaceous siltstone, and siltstone (Bechtel et al, 2012; Cichon‐Pupienis et al, 2021; Li & Schieber, 2018; Ross & Bustin, 2008; Trabucho‐Alexandre, Dirkx, Veld, Klaver, & De Boer, 2012).…”