Geochemical discrimination of the Upper Ordovician Kinnekulle Bentonite in the Billegrav-2 drill core section, Bornholm, Denmark; pp. 264–270

Kiipli, Tarmo; Kallaste, Toivo; Nielsen, Arne Thorshøj; Schovsbo, Niels H.; Siir, Sven

doi:10.3176/earth.2014.29

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Because there are no outcrops of these intervals, a core drilling through the lower Sandbian and the Darriwilian sequence in all likelihood would yield many valuable new data and is clearly desirable. The recognition of the Kinnekulle bed in the Scanian sections is based on the identification of this ash bed in the Billegrav-2 succession using trace elements (Kiipli et al, 2014). Also note the positions of the various δ 13 Corg excursions recognized in the present study.…”

Section: Summary Of Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…A breakthrough in our efforts to identify the Kinnekulle K-bentonite in the Röstånga succession, and the regional relations of its K-bentonite complex, was provided by the recent publication of a geochemical investigation of the Sandbian-Katian interval in the Billegrav-2 drill core succession on the Danish Island of Bornholm (Kiipli et al, 2014). Their analysis of the relations of trace elements amounts (Nb, Ti, Th, Zr) in 34 K-bentonite beds resulted in the identification of an 80 cm thick K-bentonite between the Billegrav-2 drill core levels 88.30 m and 89.10 m as the Kinnekulle K-bentonite.…”

Section: The Guttenberg δ 13 C Excursion (Gice)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, the ages recorded by Sell et al (2013) from the Kinnekulle bed on Bornholm and northern Estonia are most likely from beds above the Kinnekulle bed, probably from the Grimstorp bed complex. Their Bornholm sample was collected from the base of the classical Vasagård section but according to Kiipli et al (2014), this bed is not the Kinnekulle bed. It probably corresponds to the ash bed between 87.25 m and 88.00 m in the Billegrav-2 drill core succession, that is, the topmost thick bed above the Kinnekulle bed.…”

Section: Age Of the Kinnekulle K-bentonitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…5. Correlation of major upper Sandbian and lower Katian K-bentonites along an approximately 740 km long transect between the Billegrav-2 drill core (after Kiipli et al, 2014), the Koängen drill core (Nilsson, 1977), the Röstånga 1 drill core, and the Kinnekulle and Sinsen successions (after Bergström et al, 1995). Fig.…”

Section: Summary Of Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Upper Ordovician δ13Corg chemostratigraphy, K-bentonite stratigraphy, and biostratigraphy in southern Scandinavia: A reappraisal

Bergström

Eriksson

Schmitz

et al. 2016

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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A pioneer δ 13 Corg study through the upper Sandbian and Katian (Upper Ordovician) succession in the Röstånga 1 drill in the classical geological outcrop area at Röstånga in southernmost Sweden produced a wealth of new carbon isotope data which are useful for local and regional correlations. Among the Upper Ordovician positive δ 13 C excursions, the Guttenberg (GICE,) Waynesville (Saunja), Whitewater (Moe), Paroveja, and Hirnantian (HICE) isotopic carbon excursions are recognized but the Kope (Rakvere) δ 13 C excursion is missing, suggesting a stratigraphic gap. All these isotopic excursions are tied closely to biostratigraphy, especially graptolite biostratigraphy, and in the case of the Waynesville (Saunja) and Whitewater (Moe) excursions, for the first time anywhere in the world. The Röstånga GICE δ 13 Corg curve from the upper Sularp Shale shows a striking similarity to that of the Katian GSSP in Oklahoma, suggesting the potential of transAtlantic correlation. Based on a projection from the Katian GSSP, the previously poorly constrained position of the base of the Katian in southern Sweden appears to be in the uppermost Sularp Shale in strata of the upper Diplograptus foliaceus Zone. Previous interpretations of the relations between K-bentonite successions in southern Scandinavia are somewhat revised and the Kinnekulle K-bentonite is recognized for the first time in Scania. Based on new radiometric dates, this very prominent and widespread ash bed appears to be slightly older than the Deicke and Millbrig K-bentonites in eastern North America.

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Section: Summary Of Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: The Guttenberg δ 13 C Excursion (Gice)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Age Of the Kinnekulle K-bentonitementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Summary Of Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Upper Ordovician δ13Corg chemostratigraphy, K-bentonite stratigraphy, and biostratigraphy in southern Scandinavia: A reappraisal

Bergström

Eriksson

Schmitz

et al. 2016

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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“…Southwards, the number of Kbentonites decreases and the boundary Kbentonite is difficult to recognize (Hints 1997a). Additionally, Kbentonites of the Grefsen group are difficult to distinguish from other stratigraphically closely located Kbentonites not only lithologically but also geochemically (Bergström et al 1995;Kiipli et al 2014). This suggests that Kbentonites should be used with precaution as markers of stratigraphic boundaries within the Haljala RS (see also Nõlvak & Hints 1996).…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The lower boundary of the Haljala Regional Stage (Sandbian, Upper Ordovician) in Estonia

Paiste¹,

Männik²,

Nõlvak³

et al. 2020

Estonian J. Earth Sci.

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Multiproxy correlation is used to address the boundary of the Kukruse and Haljala regional stages across the Estonian part of the Baltoscandian Ordovician Palaeobasin. New biostratigraphic information on conodonts, chitinozoans and ostracods from the Peetri outcrop, northwestern Estonia, integrated with micropalaeontological data from five core sections all over Estonia, allows justification of the position of the stage boundary and correlation between conodont and chitinozoan biozones. In the Peetri outcrop a marked stratigraphic hiatus was recognized at the Kukruse-Haljala boundary -the Baltoniodus gerdae conodont Subzone and the Armoricochitina granulifera, Angochitina curvata, Lagenochitina dalbyensis and Belonechitina hirsuta chitinozoan zones are missing in the section. The lowermost part of the Tatruse Formation in central Estonia and the Adze Formation in southern Estonia are older than previously thought, and the results show a principal advantage of the multiproxy method over singlegroup studies. The lower boundary of the Haljala Regional Stage is tied to the interval with gaps that are common all over the stratotype region.

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Trace and Rare Earth Element Distribution and Mobility During Diagenetic Alteration of Volcanic Ash to Bentonite in Eastern Iranian Bentonite Deposits

Namayandeh

Modabberi

López-Galindo

2020

Clays and clay miner.

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The chemical composition of the source magma along with the physiochemical conditions of the depositional environment are the main controlling factors in determining the behavior and mobility of trace elements and rare earth elements (REEs) during the transformation of volcanic ash to bentonite. The purpose of the present study was to determine the distribution pattern and mobility of trace elements and REEs in several bentonite deposits formed by diagenetic alteration of volcanic ash in shallow alkaline water in eastern Iran. Using geochemical and statistical data, the degree of weathering in the parent rocks and the distribution and mobility of trace elements and REEs during the alteration process at seven deposits (Chah-Taleb, Chah-Keshmir, Chah-Golestan, Chah-Pirouz, Gholeh-Gelia, Kharman-Sar, and Khal-Kooh) were studied. None of the parent rocks showed an advanced degree of depositional reworking and, therefore, their chemical composition is representative of the volcanic ash from which the bentonites were formed. In the chondrite-normalized REE patterns of both parent rocks and bentonites, the light rare earth elements (LREEs) were found to be enriched relative to the heavy rare earth elements (HREEs). The variation in δEu and δCe values suggested a high-temperature (<200°C), suboxic, aquatic environment in which the conversion of volcanic ash to bentonite occurred. In the bivariate correlation analysis, Si showed a strong inverse relationship with Al and LREEs, while large ion lithophile elements (LILEs), high field strength elements (HFSEs), HREEs, and LREEs displayed a positive correlation between the elements of their respective groups. The R2 values in the binary diagram of potential immobile elements against Al suggest a qualitative classification in which Ti, Gd, Ga, Pr, Tb, Nd, Sm, Ce, and Nb are considered immobile, and U, Dy, In, Sc, Hf, Zr, La, and Eu are considered to have had poor mobility during formation of the Eastern Iranian bentonite deposits.

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Geochemical discrimination of the Upper Ordovician Kinnekulle Bentonite in the Billegrav-2 drill core section, Bornholm, Denmark; pp. 264–270

Cited by 11 publications

References 30 publications

Upper Ordovician δ13Corg chemostratigraphy, K-bentonite stratigraphy, and biostratigraphy in southern Scandinavia: A reappraisal

Upper Ordovician δ13Corg chemostratigraphy, K-bentonite stratigraphy, and biostratigraphy in southern Scandinavia: A reappraisal

The lower boundary of the Haljala Regional Stage (Sandbian, Upper Ordovician) in Estonia

Trace and Rare Earth Element Distribution and Mobility During Diagenetic Alteration of Volcanic Ash to Bentonite in Eastern Iranian Bentonite Deposits

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