Geochemical Footprint of Megacities on River Sediments: A Case Study of the Fourth Most Populous Area in India, Chennai

Saravanan, S. P.; Desmet, Marc; Kanniperumal, Ambujam Neelakanta Pillai; Ramasamy, S.; Shumskikh, Nikita; Grosbois, Cécile

doi:10.3390/min9110688

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Chennai is the largest city in South India and characterized by a strongly enhanced economic and industrial growth in the last decades. This is in line with a tremendous increase of population reaching 11.12 x 10 6 inhabitants in the Chennai Metropolitan Area, covering 1189 km 2 (8) . Surface water of the Metropolitan Area is drained to the Bay of Bengal via several E-W trending rivers of which the Adyar and Cooum rivers are two outstanding examples of the most densely populated areas.…”

Section: Study Area and Samplingsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Along the shore of Chennai coastal barriers separate backwaters in which urban surface waters and seawater mix leading to brackish conditions. Due to intensive discharge of industrial and domestic wastewaters river sediments and water have for long time been known to be highly affected by anthropogenic contaminants (8) . Following the research target of this study gastropod shells were investigated in sediments of the major rivers (Adyar and Cooum) and in sediments of the Muttukadu Backwaters, which is one of the largest brackish water bodies of Chennai (Figure 1).…”

Section: Study Area and Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence and Preservation of Gastropod Shells in Recent Riverine and Estuarine Sediments of Chennai, SE-India

Синдерн¹,

Taft²,

Muthuvel³

et al. 2022

IJST

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Objectives:The distribution of aquatic gastropod shells was investigated in riverine and coastal sediments of Chennai, India. Next to taxonomic identification, the shell preservation was characterized and quantified with a taphonomic grade. Methods: Sediments of the Adyar and Cooum rivers as well as of coastal backwaters of the metropolitan area were taken down to a maximum depth of 81 cm using a handheld geoslicer and inspected by optical and electron microscopy. Taphonomic features (i.e. exfoliation, external luster, cracking, fragmentation, edge preservation, bioerosion, encrustation) reflecting different destructive post-mortem processes were observed, individually ranked and averaged in a composite taphonomic grade for each specimen. Results: Shells and shell fragments of various families occur with markedly different abundances between 63.7 and < 1% (in decreasing order Potamididae, Bithyniidae, Stenothyridae, Planorbidae, Thiaridae, Bullinidae, Nassariidae, Neritidae, Paludomidae). Their distribution invokes salinity as a major factor controlling occurrence in a habitat. The lack of larger and globose shells in freshwater river sediments may reflect the preference of stagnant water habitats and limited preservation in sedimentary transport. The predominance of Pirenella cingulata among the shells found in sediments of brackish environments probably reflects mechanical robustness and its extreme abundance in tidal flats. Due to post-mortem destruction most shells are incomplete. Roughly 25% of all specimens are almost complete shells not only showing spire and body whorl but at least in part also apex and/or aperture and outer lip. More than 50% represent spires or combinations of apex and spire. Composite taphonomic

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Section: Study Area and Samplingsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Study Area and Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and Preservation of Gastropod Shells in Recent Riverine and Estuarine Sediments of Chennai, SE-India

Синдерн¹,

Taft²,

Muthuvel³

et al. 2022

IJST

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“…A study on the river sediments in the Adyar and Cooum rivers was previously carried out by Saravanan et al [8]. These two rivers are the main means of drainage in Chennai, and are both highly polluted.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there has not been a focus on traffic growth related to urbanization. Saravanan et al [8] studied the damage to the rivers. However, they did not discuss system dynamics.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A System Dynamics Model for Assessing Land-Use Transport Interaction Scenarios in Chennai, India

Umadevi

2023

Sustainability

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Purpose—rapid urbanization is dangerous to the development of society as it hinders development and makes urban living more difficult. This research aims to develop a system dynamics model for land use assessment at transport interactions in Chennai. Design/methodology/approach—the parameters of urbanization can be simulated using a system dynamics model. In this paper, the unchecked urbanization of Southern Chennai is considered as a case study; various parameters, such as population, land use, trip rate, Volume/Capacity (V/C), and Demand/Supply (D/S), are simulated for three different years: 2011, 2021, and 2031. Three scenarios are simulated: the Do-Min scenario (existing trend), partial scenario (some models are implemented), and the desirable scenario (all the proposed models are implemented). Findings—the simulation is performed using the Stella simulation tool. The results show that the proposed desirable model is highly effective in controlling both the population and other parameters. Originality/value—this study has been performed in the Indian city of Chennai, where such studies are rare. This study could help to analyze the traffic situation and make improvements to ease the urbanization issues. This research could also help to analyze the future traffic situation and make improvements to ease urbanization-related issues. Moreover, when the desirable scenario is followed in real-time, it could solve future problems that may arise from traffic congestion in Chennai.

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“…Saravanan et al [21] present the test results of sediment samples from two major rivers in China, indicating heavy metal pollution. This problem is a result of population growth and river traffic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Gravel and Sand Mining on Groundwater and Surface Water Regimes—A Case Study of the Velika Morava River, Serbia

Kresojevic

Vakanjac

Trifkovic

et al. 2023

Water

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This paper describes how uncontrolled and illegal mining of sand and gravel can affect surface water and groundwater regimes in places where there is a hydraulic connection between them, based on a case study of the Velika Morava River in Serbia. Also, a change in cross-profile geometry, as a result of anthropogenic and natural factors, hinders the preparation of this river for inclusion among Serbia’s waterways. The Velika Morava River’s navigability would enable the development of waterborne transportation for both merchant ships and vessels of the Serbian Armed Forces River Flotilla. Correlations between water levels at gauging stations, as well as correlations between groundwater levels and river water levels at gauging stations, are used to show the dependence of these parameters on the change in the river bed profile after sand and gravel mining at the locations near gauging stations. In addition, the homogeneity of time-series of average annual elevations and the variance of the water levels of the Velika Morava River, measured in gauging stations during different periods, are statistically analyzed. The deepening of the Velika Morava riverbed where it was indiscriminately excavated in the 1980s led to the disruption of the groundwater regime and the hydraulic connection with the river, which lowered the water table of the aquifer used for the public water supply, as well as causing a number of other negative consequences.

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Geochemical Footprint of Megacities on River Sediments: A Case Study of the Fourth Most Populous Area in India, Chennai

Cited by 9 publications

References 80 publications

Occurrence and Preservation of Gastropod Shells in Recent Riverine and Estuarine Sediments of Chennai, SE-India

Occurrence and Preservation of Gastropod Shells in Recent Riverine and Estuarine Sediments of Chennai, SE-India

A System Dynamics Model for Assessing Land-Use Transport Interaction Scenarios in Chennai, India

The Effect of Gravel and Sand Mining on Groundwater and Surface Water Regimes—A Case Study of the Velika Morava River, Serbia

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