Geochemical Fractions of the Agricultural Soils of Southern Poland and the Assessment of the Potentially Harmful Element Mobility

Gruszecka‐Kosowska, Agnieszka; Baran, Agnieszka; Mazur-Kajta, Katarzyna; Czech, Tomasz

doi:10.3390/min9110674

Cited by 10 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…In reference, the PHE contents determined in this study were contained within the concentration ranges of cereals cultivated in Poland reported by Kabata-Pendias [5]. Because Cd, Ni, Zn, Pb, and Cu were present in bioavailable forms in the investigated soils of southern Poland [30], that might cause PHE accumulation in the analyzed cereals. The results obtained by Kan et al [75] indicated the highest Zn contents in rye, which were in line with the results obtained in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…The second principal component (PC2) explained 26.0% of variance and had negative loading values for Ni and Cd, indicating a tendency of rye and oat to contain those PHEs. Moreover, the component could be correlated with easiness of Cd and Ni bioaccumulation in plants [51][52][53][54], because bioavailable concentrations of those PHEs were determined in soil [30]. The PCA ordination diagram for the first two PCs computed for PHE contents in cereals is presented in Figure S1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the calculated BC values were >1 for Ni, Zn, and Cu, as well as for Tl and Sb. This could be caused by the presence of these PHEs in such high amounts in potentially bioavailable forms in soils [30] (Table S1) that after translocation in plants, their contents in seeds were significant. Moreover, Ni and Zn content in cereal might be caused by the presence of these PHEs in the commonly used mineral fertilizers in Poland.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where C cereals is the mean concentration of a particular PHE (mg/kg ww) in the investigated cereal seeds; C st is the mean total concentration of a particular PHE, determined in the soil samples (mg/kg dw) from southern Poland, using aqua regia digestion [29]; and C sa is the mean available concentration of a particular PHE, determined in the soil samples (mg/kg dw) from southern Poland after extraction with the following: (i) 0.11 M CH 3 COOH (the first fraction of the Community Bureau of Reference BCR sequential extraction procedure F1) and (ii) 0.05 mol/dm 3 Na 2 EDTA [30]. The contents of PHEs used for calculations of soil-to-plant transfer indices are given combined in Table S1 based on previous soil investigations [29,30].…”

Section: Soil-to-plant Transfer Indicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cereal samples were obtained directly from farmers. Not all the cereal species were collected in all investigated regions due to the research assumption that cereals had to be cultivated directly on arable soils previously investigated [29,30]. Thus, altogether 18 cereal samples were analyzed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human Health Risk Assessment and Potentially Harmful Element Contents in the Cereals Cultivated on Agricultural Soils

Gruszecka‐Kosowska

2020

IJERPH

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Potentially harmful element (PHE) contents were investigated in six species of cereals in southern Poland, with human health risk implications assessed afterwards. The PHE contents belonged to the following ranges (mg/kg wet weight): As below the limit of detection (<LOD)–0.013, Cd <LOD–0.291, Co <LOD–0.012, Cu 0.002–11.0, Hg <LOD–0.080, Ni <LOD–8.40, Pb <LOD–12.0, Sb <LOD–0.430, Tl <LOD–0.160, and Zn 5.47–67.7. The Pb and Cd contents exceeded the maximum allowable concentration (MAC) values for wheat, oat, rye, and barley in the Śląskie region. The bioaccumulation coefficient (BA) for the total PHE content in the soil indicated that cereals had no potential of PHE accumulation. Regarding the statistical daily consumption of cereals, the PHE intake rates, expressed as a percentage of permissible maximum total daily intake (% PMTDI), were the following: As 0.0003, Cd 0.193, Co 0.0003, Cu 0.075, Hg 0.424, Ni 3.94, Pb 3.16, Sb 0.23, Tl 0.27, and Zn 0.44. The total non-carcinogenic risk values (HQ) exceeded the target risk value of 1 for wheat (HQ = 13.3) and rye (HQ = 3.44). For other cereals, the total non-carcinogenic risk values decreased in the following order: barley (HQ = 0.47) > oat (HQ = 0.38) > maize (HQ = 0.02). The total non-carcinogenic risk value of the statistical daily consumption of cereals was acceptable low (HQ = 0.58). The acceptable cancer risk (CR) level of 1.0 × 10−5 investigated only for As was not exceeded under any of the intake scenarios. Concerning the mean As content in cereals consumed daily in statistical amounts the CR value was equal to 5.1 × 10−8. The health risk value according to the Pb content in cereals using the margin of exposure (MOE) approach was equal to 1.27, indicating an acceptable low risk.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Soil-to-plant Transfer Indicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human Health Risk Assessment and Potentially Harmful Element Contents in the Cereals Cultivated on Agricultural Soils

Gruszecka‐Kosowska

2020

IJERPH

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Spatial Distribution and Environmental Risk of Arsenic and Antimony in Soil Around an Antimony Smelter of Qinglong County

Han

Xiong

et al. 2021

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol

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Soil quality under different agricultural land uses as evaluated by chemical, geochemical and ecological indicators in mountains with high rainfall (Darjeeling Himalayas, India)

Kijowska-Strugała

Baran²,

Szara-Bąk³

et al. 2022

J Soils Sediments

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Purpose Agricultural land use associated with intensification in plant growing affects the physicochemical parameters of soils and thus soil quality. The aim of this study was to identify the quality of soils in the Peshok catchment in the Eastern Himalayas under different types of land use (tea, horticulture, rice), under high monsoon rainfall conditions. Methods Physical and chemical analysis were used, e.g. bulk density, pH, TOC, major and trace element content (such as Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Ag, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ga, Li, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sr and Zn) based on AntonPaar Multiwave 3000 microwave system and nitrogen and sulphur content using CNS Elementar Vario MAX cube analyser. In addition, ecotoxicological analyses were performed using the Microtox test. Soil quality was assessed on the basis of chemical indicators related to the mobility of trace elements (risk assessment code, individual contamination factor and global contamination factor); geochemical indicators (geoaccumulation index, enrichment factor, contamination factor, contamination degree, modified contamination degree, pollution load index and improved Nemerow pollution index); and ecological indicators (potential ecological risk coefficient and potential ecological risk index). A statistical package of Statistica v13 was used for statistical analysis. Results Soils in the analysed catchment are characterised by low contents of macro- and microelements. It was shown that natural factors, such as high precipitation and steep slopes, favour strong leaching of elements from the soil, and farming systems based on natural and chemical fertilisation, terracing and irrigation are not able to balance them fully. The contents of TOC and N as well as pH were determined mainly by the land use. Results of statistical analyses and geochemical indicators revealed the predominantly natural origins of elements. The higher Ga content indicated a relationship with the local geology and the higher Cu content with the use of fertilisers. Indicators showed a low ecological risk related to the presence of trace elements, and soil ecotoxicity to A. fischeri was generally determined by the acidic pH of the tested soils. Low mobility was observed for most elements, and regardless of the land use, the residual fraction predominated. Conclusion The study showed that use of many indicators can more fully describe soil quality in relation to land use, especially in the case of a low content of trace elements. Moreover, this approach helps to better understand the changes taking place in soil quality under different land uses in mountains with high rainfall.

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Geochemical Fractions of the Agricultural Soils of Southern Poland and the Assessment of the Potentially Harmful Element Mobility

Cited by 10 publications

References 52 publications

Human Health Risk Assessment and Potentially Harmful Element Contents in the Cereals Cultivated on Agricultural Soils

Human Health Risk Assessment and Potentially Harmful Element Contents in the Cereals Cultivated on Agricultural Soils

Spatial Distribution and Environmental Risk of Arsenic and Antimony in Soil Around an Antimony Smelter of Qinglong County

Soil quality under different agricultural land uses as evaluated by chemical, geochemical and ecological indicators in mountains with high rainfall (Darjeeling Himalayas, India)

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