Geochemical interpretation of long-term variations in rare earth element concentrations in acidic hot spring waters from the Tamagawa geothermal area, Japan

Sanada, Tetsuya; Takamatsu, Nobuki; Yoshiike, Yuzo

doi:10.1016/j.geothermics.2006.02.004

Cited by 64 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…The REE distribution for waters has unusual shape with depletion in both LREE and HREE and a small Eu minimum. Similar distributions have been reported for some acidic crater lakes (Takano et al, 2004) with highly altered country rocks and by Sanada et al (2006) in acidic waters of Tamagawa hot springs in Japan. Waters from both volcanoes cannot be distinguished using these plots.…”

Section: Rare Earth Elementssupporting

confidence: 84%

Geochemistry and solute fluxes of volcano-hydrothermal systems of Shiashkotan, Kuril Islands

Kalacheva

Taran

Котенко

2015

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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Shiashkotan Island belongs to the Northern Kuril island arc and consists of two joined volcanoes, Sinarka and Kuntomintar, with about 18 km of distance between the summits. Both volcanoes are active, with historic eruptions, and both emit fumarolic gases. Sinarka volcano is degassing through the extrusive dome with inaccessible strong and hot (N400°C) fumaroles. A large fumarolic field of the Kuntomintar volcano situated in a wide eroded caldera-like crater hosts many fumarolic vents with temperatures from boiling point to 480°C. Both volcanoes are characterized by intense hydrothermal activity discharging acid SO 4 -Cl waters, which are drained to the Sea of Okhotsk by streams. At least 4 groups of near-neutral Na-Mg-Ca-Cl-SO 4 springs with temperatures in the range of 50-80°C are located at the sea level, within tide zones and discharge slightly altered diluted seawater. Volcanic gas of Kuntomintar as well as all types of hydrothermal manifestations of both volcanoes were collected and analyzed for major and trace elements and water isotopes. Volcanic gases are typical for arc volcanoes with 3 He/ 4 He corrected for air contamination up to 6.4 R a (R a = 1.4 × 10 −6 , the air ratio) and δ 13 C (CO 2 ) within −10‰ to −8 ‰ VPDB. Using a saturation indices approach it is shown that acid volcanic waters are formed at a shallow level, whereas waters of the coastal springs are partially equilibrated with rocks at~180°C. Trace element distribution and concentrations and the total REE depend on the water type, acidity and Al + Fe concentration. The REE pattern for acidic waters is unusual but similar to that found in some acidic crater lake waters. The total hydrothermal discharge of Cl and S from the island associated with volcanic activity is estimated at ca. 20 t/d and 40 t/d, respectively, based on the measurements of flow rates of the draining streams and their chemistry. The chemical erosion of the island by surface and thermal waters is estimated at 27 and 140 ton/km 2 /year, respectively, which is 2-3 times lower than chemical erosion of tropical volcanic islands.

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Section: Rare Earth Elementssupporting

confidence: 84%

Geochemistry and solute fluxes of volcano-hydrothermal systems of Shiashkotan, Kuril Islands

Kalacheva

Taran

Котенко

2015

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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“…In aqueous systems, REE can be used as an important basis for identifying the source of the water [4][5][6][7]. The fractionation of the REE has been used extensively to trace many geochemical processes associated with hydrothermal activity, including water-rock interaction in hydrothermal systems [8][9][10][11], the evolution of hydrothermal fluids [12], degassing of magmatic acid volatiles (i.e. presence of HF, SO 2 ) [7], mineral precipitation, dissolution, ion exchange and adsorption [13][14][15][16][17].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some are produced by atmospheric and microbial oxidation of H 2 S, such as the acidic geothermal waters from Rotokawa in New Zealand, from Yellowstone National Park and from Tatun volcanic area in Taiwan [6,25,26], and some are formed by mixing of deep steam, CO 2 and H 2 S with shallow groundwater, such as the acidic geothermal waters from Valles Caldera in New Mexico and from Dominica [27]. In addition, some are the result of the release of the magmatic gases HCl and SO 2 , such as the Ruapehu Crater lake in New Zealand and the Obuki acid hot spring waters from the Tamagawa geothermal area in Japan [11,25,28]; (2) neutral-chloride fluids, which may have a magmatic component and are usually representative of deep fluid in a geothermal area, such as fluids from Waikite in New Zealand and hot spring waters at Dagangshan in Taiwan [6,29]; and (3) bicarbonate-carbonate-dominated fluids, which are the result of water/CO 2 interaction with reservoir rocks and have near-neutral to alkaline pH [29,30], such as fluids from hot springs at Hongye and Qingshui in Taiwan [6] and the geothermal thermal waters from Oregon, Nevada and California [9].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most acidic fluids from continental geothermal fields have a very distinctive "gull wing" pattern, which has a negative Eu anomaly [6,8,11,25,27,31], although some lowpH hot waters show LREE enrichment and positive or no Eu anomalies [6,27].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the enrichment of REE in hydrothermal fluids reflects the interaction between the fluid and host rock [7,11,15], experimental results have shown that the REE compositions of hydrothermal fluids are not inherited directly from the primary rocks with which the hydrothermal fluids interact. Instead they are controlled primarily by the physics and chemistry of the fluid (e.g.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rare earth elements in hydrothermal fluids from Kueishantao, off northeastern Taiwan: Indicators of shallow-water, sub-seafloor hydrothermal processes

et al. 2013

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The rare earth element (REE) geochemistry of hydrothermal vent systems has been investigated intensively, but few studies have been carried out on marine shallow-water hydrothermal systems like that at Kueishantao. Here we present novel data sets of REE in hydrothermal fluids from Kueishantao, off northeastern Taiwan. The total REE (REE) concentrations of yellowish fluids are similar to those of whitish fluids, 813-1212 ng/L, and are significantly higher than that of ambient seawater. The yellowish fluids have chondrite-normalized REE (REE N ) distribution patterns with slight convex-downward curvatures at Eu; and the REE patterns of the whitish fluids are smooth at Eu, which is related to the lower temperature and more oxidizing conditions. The Kueishantao hydrothermal fluids are slightly enriched in light REE (La-Nd) relative to the heavy REE (Gd-Lu). The behaviors of REE in both yellowish and whitish fluids are affected by the short time of water-rock interaction. The REE distributions in the yellowish fluids are also affected by very low pH (2.81 and 2.29), boiling of the fluid and precipitation of native sulfur. In the whitish fluids, adsorption by small particles and formation of REE-chloride complexes has played a role in the distribution of REE.

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Uranium enrichment associated with geothermal alteration: An example from Rehai, Tengchong volcanic area of China

2022

Geological Journal

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For the continental rift‐related geothermal system, the hydrothermal alteration zones are rarely studied for uranium exploration. High uranium concentrations (up to 36 ppm) are shown in the altered sandstones at the Rehai geothermal field (RHGF) in Tengchong, China. To demonstrate the uranium enrichment mechanism, this study comparatively examines the trace element (uranium in particular) and rare earth element (REE + Y) concentrations of hot spring water, spring deposits (sinters and sulphates), and altered host sandstones from the RHGF of the Tengchong volcanic area. Along the central north‐south trending fault at Rehai, sinters and sulphates are precipitated from hot spring water, and the Neogene sandstones have been altered by hydrothermal fluids into zones formed of various clay minerals. The δD and δ18O values for the hot spring water indicate that the geothermal water originates from meteoric water. The spring water and hot spring deposits have identical REE distribution patterns which are featured with heavy REE (HREE) enrichment and negative Eu anomalies. Among the hot spring deposits, the yellowish earthy aggregates (tamarugite) deposited at the acidic Zhenzhu Spring have the maximum U concentration (27 ppm). The altered sandstones at Rehai, however, display the highest U concentrations (14–36 ppm). The U enrichment in the hot spring deposits and altered host rocks at the Rehai geothermal field is probably related to the multiple cycles of uranium leaching from granites, transportation upward along fault structures by geothermal water, decompression, and fixation in the hot spring deposits and/or alteration products. The results indicate that alteration zones associated with geothermal systems are also potential targets for uranium exploration.

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Geochemical interpretation of long-term variations in rare earth element concentrations in acidic hot spring waters from the Tamagawa geothermal area, Japan

Cited by 64 publications

References 17 publications

Geochemistry and solute fluxes of volcano-hydrothermal systems of Shiashkotan, Kuril Islands

Geochemistry and solute fluxes of volcano-hydrothermal systems of Shiashkotan, Kuril Islands

Rare earth elements in hydrothermal fluids from Kueishantao, off northeastern Taiwan: Indicators of shallow-water, sub-seafloor hydrothermal processes

Uranium enrichment associated with geothermal alteration: An example from Rehai, Tengchong volcanic area of China

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