Geochemical mapping in China

Xie, Xiaoning; Xuzhan, Mu; Ren, Tianxiang

doi:10.1016/s0375-6742(97)00029-0

Cited by 299 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Initially the geochemical mapping programmes were focused on the obtainment of regional baseline information for mineral exploration but the resulting databases soon proved to be multi-purpose basic tools with application, for example, to environmental studies, mineral exploration, agriculture, geomedicine and many other investigations, well documented in the literature (Appleton and Ridgway 1993;Tarvainen 1996;Xie Xuejing et al, 1997). National geochemical surveys became a priority for many countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Soil Geochemical Atlas of Portugal: Overview and applications

Inácio

Pereira

Pinto

2008

Journal of Geochemical Exploration

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Soil Geochemical Atlas of Portugal: Overview and applications

Inácio

Pereira

Pinto

2008

Journal of Geochemical Exploration

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“…which has a Fisher distribution with N and N−1 degrees of freedom, i.e., F ~ F(N, N−1) = F (26,25). Thus, for each geochemical element, the null hypothesis is rejected at a 1% significance level if F >2.589.…”

Section: Analytical Quality Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…National geochemical surveys have been a priority in many countries given the importance and applicability of the resulting geochemical databases, e.g., [21][22][23][24]. These surveys provide the natural state of the environment [20,21,[25][26][27][28][29] and allow the discrimination between geogenic sources and anthropogenic pollution [19,[30][31][32], which is useful for the determination of environmental impacts of mines [33,34], agriculture [35], geomedicine [4,7], and other fields. Initially, geochemical maps were used for mineral exploration and, therefore, were elaborated at high sample densities (from 1/1 km 2 to 1/25 km 2 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Risk Assessment Based on High-Resolution Spatial Maps of Potentially Toxic Elements Sampled on Stream Sediments of Santiago, Cape Verde

Pinto

Silva

et al. 2014

Geosciences

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Geochemical mapping is the base knowledge to identify the regions of the planet with critical contents of potentially toxic elements from either natural or anthropogenic sources. Sediments, soils and waters are the vehicles which link the inorganic environment to life through the supply of essential macro and micro nutrients. The chemical composition of surface geological materials may cause metabolic changes which may favor the occurrence of endemic diseases in humans. In order to better understand the relationships between environmental geochemistry and public health, we present environmental risk maps of some harmful elements (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn) in the stream sediments of Santiago, Cape Verde, identifying the potentially harmful areas in this island. The Estimated Background Values (EBV) of Cd, Co, Cr, Ni and V were found to be above the Canadian guidelines for any type of use of stream sediments and also above the target OPEN ACCESSGeosciences 2014, 4 298 values of the Dutch and United States guidelines. The Probably Effect Concentrations (PEC), above which harmful effects are likely in sediment dwelling organisms, were found for Cr and Ni. Some associations between the geological formations of the island and the composition of stream sediments were identified and confirmed by descriptive statistics and by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The EBV spatial distribution of the metals and the results of PCA allowed us to establish relationships between the EBV maps and the geological formations. The first two PCA modes indicate that heavy metals in Santiago stream sediments are mainly originated from weathering of underlying bedrocks. The first metal association (Co, V, Cr, and Mn; first PCA mode) consists of elements enriched in basic rocks and compatible elements. The second association of variables (Zn and Cd as opposed to Ni; second PCA mode) appears to be strongly controlled by the composition of alkaline volcanic rocks and pyroclastic rocks. So, the second PCA mode is also considered as a natural lithogenic mode. The third association (Cu and Pb; third PCA mode) consists of elements of anthropogenic origin.

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“…Geochemical investigations using stream sediment data requires access to large, multivariate geochemical datasets, especially when looking at regional scale. This is possible for well investigated countries such as the UK, USA, Europe, and Asia where regional mapping surveys have been completed (Xuejing et al 1997;Johnson et al 2005;Ohta et al 2005;Xuejing et al 2008;Salminen et al 2012;Smith et al 2013) and digital repositories are available; however, data may be much harder to access in other areas of the world where mineral exploration occurs.…”

Section: Data Availabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The applicability of G-BASE stream sediment geochemistry as a combined geological mapping, and prospective exploration tool for As-Co-Cu-Ni mineralisation across Cumbria, UK.

Eskdale¹,

Johnson²,

Gough³

2023

Preprint

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Stream sediment geochemistry is a useful tool to analyse the geochemistry of the local geology within the source catchment area. This has significant applicability within the field of mineral exploration where understanding regional lithological geochemistry is needed, facilitating the identification of critical metal deposits. Successful identification of these deposits is essential to help tackle the deficit of these metals supply chains, especially for cobalt. This is in order to meet future carbon-neutral technological demand as part of global initiatives towards a more environmentally sustainable society. We make use of the UK Geochemical Baseline Survey of the Environment (G-BASE) dataset to demonstrate that stream sediment geochemical data has the potential to be used as a useful tool for isolating potential Energy Critical Elements (ECEs) in host rocks across the UK Lake District. We reduced the dimensionality of the G-BASE stream sediment data, creating geochemical maps that identify a combination of volcanic, sedimentary, and plutonic lithologies lining up geological boundaries from established 50k scale geological maps of the area. This was conducted through a combined statistical and mapping approach within QGIS and ioGAS. Furthermore, we identified average ore metal concentrations (Ag, As, Bi, Co, Cu, Mo, Ni, Sn, Zn) for the Skiddaw Group and the Borrowdale Volcanic Group, two established host groups for As-Co-Cu-Ni mineralisation. Average concentrations of Co in the Skiddaw have been modelled to be 63.26 ppm, and in the Borrowdale volcanics to be 26.86 ppm. These values, combined with As, Cu, and Ni modelled concentrations, and other available exploration-related data (structural maps, underlying batholith topography, mining history etc.) have allowed us to identify 10 prospective areas of interest for possible As-Co-Cu-Ni mineralisation across these two lithological groups. This workflow has strong applicability within critical metal exploration in other, more prospective regions across the globe.

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Geochemical mapping in China

Cited by 299 publications

References 12 publications

The Soil Geochemical Atlas of Portugal: Overview and applications

The Soil Geochemical Atlas of Portugal: Overview and applications

Environmental Risk Assessment Based on High-Resolution Spatial Maps of Potentially Toxic Elements Sampled on Stream Sediments of Santiago, Cape Verde

The applicability of G-BASE stream sediment geochemistry as a combined geological mapping, and prospective exploration tool for As-Co-Cu-Ni mineralisation across Cumbria, UK.

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