Geochemical modelling for predicting the long-term performance of zeolite-PRB to treat lead contaminated groundwater

Obiri-Nyarko, Franklin; Kwiatkowska-Malina, Jolanta; Malina, Grzegorz; Kasela, Tomasz

doi:10.1016/j.jconhyd.2015.03.007

Cited by 27 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…After the breakpoint, a rapid increase of effluent concentration was monitored and the material was completely exhausted at 2200 PV (Figure 20). This value was tenfold higher than that reached in other works, in which zeolite was used as the reactive material and operating conditions comparable to those of the present study were applied [41]. Therefore, the experimental findings prove the high longevity of the synthesized material.…”

Section: Continuous Testssupporting

confidence: 58%

Nanoscopic Zero-Valent Iron Supported on MgO for Lead Removal from Waters

Siciliano

Limonti

2018

Water

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Lead is one of the most toxic heavy metals that can create a severe risk to water ecosystem health. Zero-valent iron is an effective material for Pb 2+ removal treatments. In particular, nanoscopic zero-valent iron (nZVI) particles are characterized by high reaction rates; nevertheless, their utilization in water and groundwater remediation techniques requires further investigations. Indeed, it is necessary to define effective methods able to avoid the drawbacks due to the aggregation tendency of nanoparticles and their potential uncontrolled transport in groundwater. In this work, nZVI was supported on magnesium oxide grains (MgO_nZVI) to synthesize an alternative material for lead removal from aqueous solutions. Many experiments were conducted under several operating conditions in order to analyze the effectiveness of the produced material in Pb 2+ abatement. The performance of MgO_nZVI was also compared with those detected using commercial microscopic Fe 0 (mZVI) as a reactive material. The experimental findings showed a much greater reactivity of the supported nanoscopic iron particles. By means of a kinetic analysis of batch tests results, it was verified that, both for MgO_nZVI and mZVI, the lead abatement follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic law. The reaction rates were affected by the initial pH of the treatment solution and by the ratio between the Fe 0 amount and initial lead concentration. The efficiency of MgO_nZVI in a continuous test was steadily around 97.5% for about 1000 exchanged pore volumes (PV) of reactive material, while by using mZVI, the lead removal was approximately 88% for about 600 PV. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy EDS analyses suggested the formation of typical iron corrosion products and the presence of metallic lead Pb 0 and Pb 2+ compounds on exhausted materials.

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Section: Continuous Testssupporting

confidence: 58%

Nanoscopic Zero-Valent Iron Supported on MgO for Lead Removal from Waters

Siciliano

Limonti

2018

Water

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“…PRBs generally contain reactive materials that remove contaminants through biological, physical and/or chemical processes, as the contaminants remain inside the reactive materials. [6][7][8] Vanadium(V) cannot be removed effectively by commercial activated carbon (AC), which is the most commonly used reactive material, because of its low adsorption capacity, narrow optimum pH range, and low adaptability to wide-ranging vanadium(V) wastewaters. In previous studies, ZnCl 2 activated carbon, 9 protonated chitosan akes, 10 metal (hydr)oxide adsorbents,…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, a mixed vanadium iron oxide compound (Zn 3 (OH) 2 V 2 O 7 $2H 2 O) resulting from the coprecipitation of vanadium(V) and Zn(II) was also observed by XRD pattern (Zn-BC + V). The reactions between vanadium(V) and Zn(II) can be described by eqn (6) and (7). Therefore, the adsorption mechanism of Zn-BC was surface precipitation and electrostatic attraction (as shown in Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

Development, modification, and application of low-cost and available biochar derived from corn straw for the removal of vanadium(v) from aqueous solution and real contaminated groundwater

et al. 2018

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In this work, a low-cost and available material for use as a permeable reactive barrier (PRB) to prevent vanadium in groundwater from leaking into river water was developed. Three modified biochars were prepared from available corn straw pretreated with CsCl, Zn(II), and Zr(IV) to enhance ion exchange capacity (IEC) and specific surface area, and were designated as Cs-BC, Zn-BC, and Zr-BC, respectively. These materials were characterized via IEC, N 2 adsorption-desorption, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. The Langmuir isotherm model could be applied for the best fit for the adsorption data of Cs-BC and Zr-BC, indicating that vanadium(V) sorption occurred in a monolayer. The vanadium(V) adsorption capacities of Cs-BC, Zn-BC, and Zr-BC were 41.07, 28.46, and 23.84 mg g À1 , respectively, which were 3.22-5.55 times higher than that of commercial activated carbon (AC) (7.40 mg g À1 ), probably because of their higher IECs and specific surface areas after modification. In addition, no heavy metal leaching was found from the modified biochars during the adsorption processes when pH > 2. According to the FTIR and XRD patterns, the adsorption mechanism of Cs-BC and Zr-BC was ion exchange, whereas for Zn-BC, it was mainly surface precipitation and electrostatic attraction. The adsorption of vanadium(V) onto the modified biochars was independent of pH in the range of 4.0 to 8.0. Furthermore, the removal efficiency of the vanadium(V) in real contaminated groundwater from the catchment of the Chaobei River by Zn-BC reached 100% at a dose of 4 g L À1. Hence, modified biochars are promising PRB filling materials for removing vanadium(V) from contaminated groundwater.

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“…The best performances were exhibited by natural zeolites (95% of transition metals ions removed in about 10 h). In other words, the zeolite that shows the highest ion exchange capacity is the one that exhibits the highest percentage of removal for that ion [ 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 ]. Specifically, against the Cu, natural zeolites (especially mordenite) and cabuya fibers presented the largest removal percentages, while the calcareous limestone showed lower adsorption percentages even if still high.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Transition Metals from Contaminated Aquifers by PRB Technology: Performance Comparison among Reactive Materials

Mayacela-Rojas

Molinari

Cortina

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The most common reactive material used for the construction of a permeable reactive barrier (PRB) is zero valent iron (ZVI), however, its processing can generate corrosive effects that reduce the efficiency of the barrier. The present study makes a major contribution to understanding new reactive materials as natural and synthetic, easy to obtain, economical and environmentally friendly as possible substitutes for the traditional ZHV to be used as filters in the removal of three transition metals (Zn, Cu, Cd). To assess the ability to remove these pollutants, a series of batch and column tests were carried out at laboratory scale with these materials. Through BACH tests, four of seven substances with a removal percentage higher than 99% were prioritized (cabuya, natural clinoptilolite zeolites, sodium mordenite and mordenite). From this group of substances, column tests were performed where it is evidenced that cabuya fiber presents the lowest absorption time (≈189 h) while natural zeolite mordenite shows the highest time (≈833 h). The latter being the best option for the PRB design. The experimental values were also reproduced by the RETRASO code; through this program, the trend between the observed and simulated values with respect to the best reactive substance was corroborated.

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Geochemical modelling for predicting the long-term performance of zeolite-PRB to treat lead contaminated groundwater

Cited by 27 publications

References 37 publications

Nanoscopic Zero-Valent Iron Supported on MgO for Lead Removal from Waters

Nanoscopic Zero-Valent Iron Supported on MgO for Lead Removal from Waters

Development, modification, and application of low-cost and available biochar derived from corn straw for the removal of vanadium(v) from aqueous solution and real contaminated groundwater

Removal of Transition Metals from Contaminated Aquifers by PRB Technology: Performance Comparison among Reactive Materials

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