Geochemical studies of thermal waters from Kanlaon Volcano, Negros Island, Philippines

Maximo, Raymond Patrick R.; Bernard, Alain; Maussen, Katharine; Joiris, Elisa; Rebadulla, Raul Ryan R.

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2019.02.014

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In mature hydrothermal systems, light sulfur isotopic composition between δ 34 S = −3.4‰ and +1.2‰ implies that the origin of sulfates is linked to surficial oxidation of H 2 S or the mixing of meteoric water, and this system is represented by neutral Na + K-chloride (bicarbonate) fluids. But in immature hydrothermal systems, there is a higher sulfur isotopic composition (δ 34 S = +8.2‰), which could either result from the disproportionation of magmatic SO 2 or from the hydrolysis of elemental sulfur at high temperatures between 100 and 350 • C [15]. In addition, it is hypothesized that isotopic re-equilibration occurs as long as the aqueous solution is acidic [103].…”

Section: Hypogene Vs Supergene Origin Of Kaolinizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, in the Kanlaon Volcano (Mambucal), Philippines, geothermal waters also have acidic, oxidized and sulfate-rich hot springs. The temperatures of these dilute acid-sulfate fluids range from 66 • to 95 • C, and they are low in Cl − , rich in SO 4 2− , characterized by an elevated SO 4 2− /Cl − ratio of ~15 and have pH values between 3 and 6.7 [15]. Kaolinite, halloysite, cristobalite and alunite are the characteristic mineral assemblages of advanced argillic alteration formed by acid-sulfate hydrothermal fluids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global Occurrence, Geology and Characteristics of Hydrothermal-Origin Kaolin Deposits

Ece,

Ercan

2024

Minerals

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Kaolin-group minerals occur in nature as the result of high-sulfidation acid sulfate, sulfur-poor HCl-, HF- and H2CO3-rich acidic fluid-related hydrothermal alterations and in situ geochemical weathering. These minerals possess different crystallographic and chemical properties that determine their application areas, mainly in the ceramic and paper industries, and as nanocomposite materials. The physicochemical properties of hydrothermal kaolin deposits are the result of the type of parent rock, the effect of the regional tectonism-associated magmatism, and the chemical features of hydrothermal fluids that interact with the deep basement rocks. However, understanding these geothermal systems is one of the most challenging issues due to the rich mineralogical assemblages, complex geochemistry and isotopic data of hydrothermal alteration zones. This study evaluates the formation of hydrothermal-origin kaolin-group minerals by considering their characteristics of hydrothermal alteration, isotopic compositions and differences in characteristic properties of low- and high-sulfidation occurrences; this paper also addresses mineralogical and structural differences between hypogene and supergene kaolin formations, and kaolin–alunite–pyrophyllite association, and it provides examples of worldwide occurrences. The study of the mineralogical assemblages, geochemistry and isotopic data of the hydrothermal alteration zones is one of the most challenging subjects in terms of gaining a detailed understanding of the geothermal systems. Silicification processes are subsequent to late-stage alteration after the completion of kaolinization processes, erasing existing hydrothermal mineralogical and geochemical traces and making interpretation difficult. In the early stages involving magmatic–hydrothermal-origin acidic geothermal fluids, the latter comes from the disproportionation of SO2 (+H2O) and H2S oxidation to H2SO4 in hydrothermal environments. In the later stages, due to spatial and temporal changes over time in the chemistry of geothermal fluids, the system comes to have a more alkali–chloride composition, with neutral pH waters frequently saturated with amorphous silica which characteristically precipitate as siliceous sinter deposits containing large amounts of opal-A.

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Section: Hypogene Vs Supergene Origin Of Kaolinizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Occurrence, Geology and Characteristics of Hydrothermal-Origin Kaolin Deposits

Ece,

Ercan

2024

Minerals

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“…Several studies on volcanic eruptions were conducted: [11] on community preparedness for volcanic hazards at Mount Rainier, USA; [12] on disasters as contingent events volcanic eruptions, state advisories, and public participation in the 20th century in the Philippines, and [13,14], and [15] on Mt. Kanlaon, which were geared at understanding its behavior, composition, and volcanic activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Activities for Volcanic Eruption in Central Negros

Alipo-On¹,

Mejica²

2022

AJESS

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Aims: Determine the Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) activities for a volcanic eruption in communities within the danger zone of Mt. Kanlaon volcano in the areas of disaster prevention and mitigation and disaster preparedness as assessed by the community leaders. Moreover, it sought to solicit challenges encountered and recommendations of the community leaders in the implementation of DRRM activities for a volcanic eruption in the communities. Study Design: Descriptive survey. Place and Duration of Study: 25 communities within the 14-kilometer danger zone of Mt. Kanlaon volcano in Central Negros, Philippines, between August 2021 and September 2021. Methodology: 105 community leaders of communities identified using a purposive sampling technique. Frequency, ranking, and percentage were used to identify and determine the DRRM activities in the areas of disaster prevention and mitigation, and preparedness. The same statistical tools were used to identify challenges encountered and the respondents' recommendations. Results: This study revealed that the DRRM activities were practiced and communicated with the community. Most community leaders were aware and active in planning, implementing, and disseminating preparedness and mitigation measures in preparation for a possible volcanic eruption. When it comes to challenges, the absence/weak internet signal and insufficiency of funds for rescue equipment and other emergency resources were among the significant challenges identified. As to the recommendations, holding training courses to capacitate community members and allocating funds to procure rescue equipment and other emergency resources were among those identified. Conclusion: Prevention and mitigation and disaster preparedness activities for volcanic eruptions are being practiced by the communities. However, these are not substantive because of some challenges beyond the community's capacity to provide, like weak internet connectivity and insufficient funds to finance all the necessary rescue equipment. Moreover, the recommendations gathered imply that communities value making these DRRM activities sustainable, improved, and strengthened.

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Exploring the hydrogeochemical evolution of cold and thermal waters in the Sarein-Nir area, Iran using stable isotopes (δ18O and δD), geothermometry and multivariate statistical approaches

Barzegar

Moghaddam

Tziritis³

et al. 2020

Geothermics

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Geochemical studies of thermal waters from Kanlaon Volcano, Negros Island, Philippines

Cited by 8 publications

References 30 publications

Global Occurrence, Geology and Characteristics of Hydrothermal-Origin Kaolin Deposits

Global Occurrence, Geology and Characteristics of Hydrothermal-Origin Kaolin Deposits

Community Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Activities for Volcanic Eruption in Central Negros

Exploring the hydrogeochemical evolution of cold and thermal waters in the Sarein-Nir area, Iran using stable isotopes (δ18O and δD), geothermometry and multivariate statistical approaches

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