Methanolobus profundi sp. nov., a methylotrophic methanogen isolated from deep subsurface sediments in a natural gas field (Kadam et al., 1994;Liu et al., 1990;Oremland & Boone, 1994), unlike the other two species, Methanolobus tindarius and Methanolobus vulcani (Konig & Stetter, 1982;Kadam & Boone, 1995). In this study, a slightly halophilic, methylotrophic methanogen, designated strain MobM T , was isolated from subsurface sediments below 350 m in the Minami-Kanto Gas Field (Mobara, Chiba prefecture, Japan). This natural gas field is a dissolved-in-water type, and analyses of the stable carbon ( 13 C/ 12 C) and deuterium/hydrogen (D/H) isotopic composition of the methane and the ratio of methane to ethane and propane suggest that the methane is biogenic in origin (Igari & Sakata, 1989). The reservoir rocks are turbidite sandstones deposited around 1 Ma (million years ago) in a bathyal environment, being filled with ancient seawater (Sudo, 1967;Kunisue et al., 2002). The chemical composition of the formation water was conspicuously different from that of common seawater, i.e. it contained large amounts of iodine, bicarbonate and ammonia along with negligible amounts of sulfate. Culture-independent analysis of archaeal 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the methanogenic community residing in the formation water is diverse and includes close relatives of members of the genera Methanolobus, Methanohalophilus, Methanosaeta, Methanocalculus, Methanobacterium and Methanococcus (Mochimaru et al., 2007). Using a culture-The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain MobM T is AB370245.A supplementary figure showing the effects of variations in temperature and salinity on the specific growth rate of strain MobM T is available with the online version of this paper.