Geochemistry and mineralogy of kimberlites from the Arkhangelsk Region, NW Russia: evidence for transitional kimberlite magma types

Beard, Andy; Downes, Hilary; Hegner, E.; Sablukov, S. M.

doi:10.1016/s0024-4937(99)00074-2

Cited by 90 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Kimberlites exhibiting such transitional characteristics are also reported from the Koidu province in West Africa (e.g., Taylor et al 1994), the Arkhangelsk region on the Kola-Kuloi craton (e.g., Beard et al 2000) and Nukyan region, Siberia (e.g., Aghashev et al 2001) in Russia, the São Fransisco craton in Brazil (e.g., Gibson et al 1995), the Kimberley craton in northwestern Australia (e.g., Edwards et al 1992), the Aravalli-Bundelkhand craton in northeastern India (e.g., Chalapathi Rao 2005, Masun et al 2009), the Northwest Territories in Canada (e.g., Dowall et al 2000), and the Guyana craton in Venezuela (Kaminsky et al 2004). Their emplacement ages range from Proterozoic to Mesozoic, thereby implying their global occurrence in space as well as time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Fractional crystallization may, however, have contributed to the varying extents of these depletions (see Le Roex et al 2003). Negative K, Sr, P and Ti anomalies (troughs) are known from Group-I, -II and transitional kimberlites of southern Africa (e.g., Le Roex et al 2003, Becker & Le Roex 2006, Becker et al 2007, Coe et al 2008 and similar rocks elsewhere (e.g., Mitchell 1995, Gibson et al 1995, Beard et al 2000, Agashev et al 2008. The KK-6 samples are considerably enriched in Zr, resulting in their positive spikes.…”

Section: Whole-rock Geochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Kimberlites Nk-2 and Kk-6, Narayanpet Kimberlite Field, Eastern Dharwar Craton, Southern India: Evidence for a Transitional Kimberlite Signature

Rao

Dongre²

2009

The Canadian Mineralogist

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We have carried out a mineralogical and geochemical study on two previously uncharacterized kimberlites of coherent facies, NK-2 and KK-6, from the Narayanpet kimberlite field (NKF), Eastern Dharwar craton (EDC), southern India. Both these kimberlites have a distinct inequigranular texture resulting from two generations of variously sized olivine macrocrysts and groundmass microphenocrysts. Other groundmass phases include clinopyroxene (diopside), serpentine, phlogopite, calcite, spinel, perovskite and apatite. Electron-microprobe analyses of various groundmass minerals support their kimberlitic affinity. Primitive Mg-numbers, Ni and Cr contents and high enrichment in incompatible trace elements are hallmarks of these kimberlites. From major-and trace-element geochemistry, crustal contamination seems to be minimal. The LILE and HFSE display excellent correlations amongst themselves and also with each other, thereby implying limited effects of post-emplacement hydrothermal alteration. Ratios of highly mobile and immobile incompatible trace elements (e.g., La, Ce, Nb, Ba, Pb and Th) strongly resemble those of transitional kimberlites of southern Africa and are confined to the arrays of mixing lines between Group-I and Group-II kimberlites. The REE abundances of NK-2 and KK-6 kimberlites suggest variable degrees of partial melting. Petrogenetic modeling depicts them to be products of a greater degree of melting. A mixed Group-I and Group-II "southern African" kimberlite source is inferred for the generation of NK-2 and KK-6 magmas, as well as for several other EDC kimberlites. This can explain several overlapping petrological and geochemical characters of Group-I and Group-II kimberlites displayed by the kimberlites of southern India. Lower whole-rock Ti and Fe contents in the NK-2 and KK-6, compared to those in other non-diamondiferous kimberlites from the NKF, suggests that they are promising diamond prospects; we recommend their bulk processing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Whole-rock Geochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Kimberlites Nk-2 and Kk-6, Narayanpet Kimberlite Field, Eastern Dharwar Craton, Southern India: Evidence for a Transitional Kimberlite Signature

Rao

Dongre²

2009

The Canadian Mineralogist

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“…The Devonian-upper Carboniferous ADP is a complex region of ultrabasic and basic magmatism dominated by kimberlite magmatism [10] and includes several magmatic fields: the Zolotitsa kimberlite field; the Kepino and the Verhotina fields of kimberlites and olivine melilitites; the Turiyno basaltic field; the Izhmozero field of olivine melilitite and picrite; and the Mela field of kimberlite and carbonatite [11,12] (Figure 2). To date, ~100 magmatic bodies are known within the ADP, including ~70 kimberlite pipes [11].…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diamond Exploration Potential of the Northern East European Platform

Shchukina

Shchukin²

2018

Minerals

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Abstract:In this study, we assess the diamond exploration potential of the northern East European Platform based on aeromagnetic survey results and the morphologic and geochemical analysis of 1513 grains of kimberlite indicator minerals (KIMs), such as purple pyrope garnet, olivine, and Cr-diopside. These minerals were recovered from samples collected from modern river and stream sediments in four areas located in the north-eastern (within the Arkhangelsk Diamondiferous Province) and south-western (hundreds of kilometers outside of the Arkhangelsk Diamondiferous Province) parts of the Arkhangelsk region in the European part of Russia. All the studied areas are located within ancient cratons, including the Kola, Karelian, and Shenkursk cratons. Based on the major element compositions of the KIMs and thermobarometric calculations, this study confirms that the lithospheric mantle beneath the studied areas is suitable for the formation and preservation of diamonds. The high percentage of KIMs with primary magmatic grain surface morphologies is evidence of the presence of local kimberlite sources within all of the studied areas. The significant amount of diamond-associated KIMs indicates that the potential sources are diamondiferous. Hence, the results suggest that the studied areas can be recommended for further diamond prospecting activity with a high probability of discovering new diamondiferous kimberlites.

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“…A monticellite kimberlite dyke near Kandalaksha was regarded by Beard et al (1998) as showing some similarities to ultramafic lamprophyres. The diamondiferous kimberlite pipes of the Arkhangelsk region (Mahotkin et al, 2000;Beard et al, 2000) are also Devonian in age and probably belong to the KACP magmatism, despite being situated much further east (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Dyke Swarms and Pipesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Petrogenetic processes in the ultramafic, alkaline and carbonatitic magmatism in the Kola Alkaline Province: A review

Downes

Balaganskaya

Beard

et al. 2005

Lithos

172

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Igneous rocks of the Devonian Kola Alkaline Carbonatite Province (KACP) in NW Russia and eastern Finland can be classified into four groups: (a) primitive mantle-derived silicaundersaturated silicate magmas; (b) evolved alkaline and nepheline syenites; (c) cumulate rocks; (d) carbonatites and phoscorites, some of which may also be cumulates. There is no obvious age difference between these various groups, so all of the magma-types were formed at the same time in a relatively restricted area and must therefore be petrogenetically related. Both sodic and potassic varieties of primitive silicate magmas are present. On major element variation diagrams, the cumulate rocks plot as simple mixtures of their constituent minerals (olivine, clinopyroxene, calcite etc). There are complete compositional trends between carbonatites, phoscorites and silicate cumulates, which suggests that many carbonatites and phoscorites are also cumulates. CaO/Al 2 O 3 ratios for ultramafic and mafic silicate rocks in dykes and pipes range up to 5, indicating a very small degree of melting of a carbonated mantle at depth. Damkjernites appear to be transitional to carbonatites. Trace element modelling indicates that all the mafic silicate magmas are related to small degrees of melting of a metasomatised garnet peridotite source. Similarities of the REE patterns and initial Sr and Nd isotope compositions for ultramafic alkaline silicate rocks and carbonatites indicate that there is a strong relationship between the two magma-types. There is also a strong petrogenetic link between carbonatites, kimberlites and alkaline ultramafic lamprophyres. Fractional crystallisation of olivine, diopside, melilite and nepheline gave rise to the evolved nepheline syenites, and formed the ultramafic cumulates. All magmas in the KACP appear to have originated in a single event, possibly triggered by the arrival of hot material (mantle plume?) beneath the Archaean/Proterozoic lithosphere of the northern Baltic Shield that had been recently metasomatised. Melting of the carbonated garnet peridotite mantle formed a spectrum of magmas including carbonatite, damkjernite, melilitite, melanephelinite and ultramafic lamprophyre. Pockets of phlogopite metasomatised lithospheric mantle also melted to form potassic magmas including kimberlite. Depth of melting, degree of melting and presence of metasomatic phases are probably the major factors controlling the precise composition of the primary melts formed.

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Geochemistry and mineralogy of kimberlites from the Arkhangelsk Region, NW Russia: evidence for transitional kimberlite magma types

Cited by 90 publications

References 23 publications

Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Kimberlites Nk-2 and Kk-6, Narayanpet Kimberlite Field, Eastern Dharwar Craton, Southern India: Evidence for a Transitional Kimberlite Signature

Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Kimberlites Nk-2 and Kk-6, Narayanpet Kimberlite Field, Eastern Dharwar Craton, Southern India: Evidence for a Transitional Kimberlite Signature

Diamond Exploration Potential of the Northern East European Platform

Petrogenetic processes in the ultramafic, alkaline and carbonatitic magmatism in the Kola Alkaline Province: A review

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