Geochemistry of high H2 and CH4 vent fluids issuing from ultramafic rocks at the Rainbow hydrothermal field (36°14′N, MAR)

Charlou, Jean-Luc; Donval, Jean Pierre; Fouquet, Yves; Jean‐Baptiste, Philippe; Holm, Nils G.

doi:10.1016/s0009-2541(02)00134-1

Cited by 755 publications

(758 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…4-7), suggesting that basalts are the principal source of lead for hydrothermal fluids (e.g., Vidal and Clauer, 1981;Chen, 1987;Hegner and Tatsumoto, 1987;Hinkley and Tatsumoto, 1987;Fouquet and Marcoux, 1995;Charlou et al, 2002;Yao et al, 2009). Furthermore, the Pb isotope data of seafloor hydrothermal sulfides define a small domain compared with the larger field of midocean ridge and back-arc basin basalts.…”

Section: Lead Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On sediment-starved ridges, the Pb in hydrothermal sulfides is considered to have been mobilized from the volcanic crust during hydrothermal circulation based on the sulfide Pb isotope compositions that are indistinguishable from that of the local basalt (e.g., Brévart et al, 1981;Vidal and Clauer, 1981;LeHuray et al, 1988;Fouquet and Marcoux, 1995;Andrieu et al, 1998;Zeng et al, 2010). The Pb isotopic compositions of the sulfides are also more homogeneous than the adjacent volcanic rocks, suggesting that the Pb isotopes have been homogenized during hydrothermal circulation, and that the contribution of Pb from seawater and hemipelagic sediments is very low (e.g., Brévart et al, 1981;Vidal and Clauer, 1981;Chen, 1987;Hegner and Tatsumoto, 1987;LeHuray et al, 1988;Fouquet and Marcoux, 1995;Andrieu et al, 1998;Charlou et al, 2002;Yao et al, 2009;Zeng et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sulfur and lead isotopic compositions of massive sulfides from deep-sea hydrothermal systems: Implications for ore genesis and fluid circulation

Zeng

Chen

et al. 2017

Ore Geology Reviews

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Section: Lead Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfur and lead isotopic compositions of massive sulfides from deep-sea hydrothermal systems: Implications for ore genesis and fluid circulation

Zeng

Chen

et al. 2017

Ore Geology Reviews

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“…An estimated 40% or more of the Atlantic Ocean floor was formed by interlinked processes of asymmetric extension, magmatism, and detachment faulting resulting in exposure of mantle and lower crustal rocks in OCCs (Dick et al, 2008;Cannat et al, 2006;Smith et al, 2006Smith et al, , 2008Ildefonse et al, 2007;Escartín et al, 2003;Tucholke et al, 2008). OCCs incorporate highly reactive olivine-rich rocks that interact with seawater over a range of temperatures to produce both high-and low-temperature hydrothermal systems (Douville et al, 1997(Douville et al, , 2002Charlou et al, 1998Charlou et al, , 2002Sagalevich et al, 2000;Kelley et al, 2005;McCaig et al, 2007). Chemical exchange between the mantle and the hydrosphere supports abundant microbial communities in regions of focused fluid discharge in both types of systems (Schrenk et al, 2004;Takai et al, 2004;Nercessian et al, 2005;Brazelton et al, 2006;Campbell et al, 2006;Perner et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Früh-Green¹,

Orcutt²,

Green³

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program

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Contents AbstractInternational Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 357 successfully cored an east-west transect across the southern wall of Atlantis Massif on the western flank of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR) to study the links between serpentinization processes and microbial activity in the shallow subsurface of highly altered ultramafic and mafic sequences that have been uplifted to the seafloor along a major detachment fault zone. The primary goals of this expedition were to (1) examine the role of serpentinization in driving hydrothermal systems, sustaining microbial communities, and sequestering carbon; (2) characterize the tectonomagmatic processes that lead to lithospheric heterogeneities and detachment faulting; and (3) assess how abiotic and biotic processes change with variations in rock type and progressive exposure on the seafloor. To accomplish these objectives, we developed a coring and sampling strategy centered on the use of seabed drills-the first time that such systems have been used in the scientific ocean drilling programs. This technology was chosen in the hope of achieving high recovery of the carbonate cap sequences and intact contact and deformation relationships. The expedition plans also included several engineering developments to assess geochemical parameters during drilling; sample bottom water before, during, and after drilling; supply synthetic tracers during drilling for contamination assessment; acquire in situ electrical resistivity and magnetic susceptibility measurements for assessing fractures, fluid flow, and extent of serpentinization; and seal boreholes to provide opportunities for future experiments.Seventeen holes were drilled at nine sites across Atlantis Massif, with two sites on the eastern end of the southern wall (Sites M0068 and M0075), three sites in the central section of the southern wall north of the Lost City hydrothermal field (Sites M0069, M0072, and M0076), two sites on the western end (Sites M0071 and M0073), and two sites north of the southern wall in the direction of the central dome of the massif and Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Site U1309 (Sites M0070 and M0074). Use of seabed drills enabled collection of more than 57 m of core, with borehole penetration ranging from 1.30 to 16.44 meters below seafloor and core recoveries as high as 74.76% of total penetration. This high level of recovery of shallow mantle sequences is unprecedented in the history of ocean drilling. The cores recovered along the southern wall of Atlantis Massif have highly heterogeneous lithologies, types of alteration, and degrees of deformation. The ultramafic rocks are dominated by harzburgites with intervals of dunite and minor pyroxenite veins, as well as gabbroic rocks occurring as melt impregnations and veins, all of which provide information about early magmatic processes and the magmatic evolution in the southernmost portion of Atlantis Massif. Dolerite dikes and basaltic rocks represent the latest stage of magmatic activity. Overall, the ultramafic rocks recovered ...

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“…However, there was no geological evidence indicating the presence of ultramafic rocks at or near the Kairei hydrothermal field found in the initial investigation (Van Dover et al 2001;Gallant and Von Damm 2006). Moreover, the Kairei hydrothermal fluids exhibit CH 4 and Si concentrations that are similar to those reported in typical MOR hydrothermal fluids (Gallant and Von Damm 2006), although the peridotite-hosted hydrothermal fluids observed along the MAR generally exhibit higher CH 4 and lower Si concentrations compared to typical basalt-hosted fluids (e.g., Charlou et al 2002).…”

Section: Physical and Chemical Characteristics Of Hydrothermal Fluidsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Indian Ocean Hydrothermal Systems: Seafloor Hydrothermal Activities, Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Hydrothermal Fluids, and Vent-Associated Biological Communities

Nakamura

Takai

2014

Subseafloor Biosphere Linked to Hydrothermal Systems

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In the nearly 40 years since the discovery of the deep-sea hydrothermal vent site at the Galápagos spreading center, more than 300 sites of high-temperature hydrothermal venting have been discovered and investigated around the world. Surprisingly, however, most of these sites are located in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, whereas only five hydrothermal vent sites have been discovered in the Indian Ocean. During the TAIGA project, we conducted four research cruises to investigate four of the five Indian Ocean hydrothermal vent sites (two of which were newly discovered during one of the TAIGA cruises) located along the Central Indian Ridge (CIR). The results of geological and geochemical analyses demonstrate wide variation in fluid chemistry, reflecting the diverse geological background of the CIR hydrothermal vent fields. Although the CIR is an intermediate-spreading ridge, the geological and geochemical features of the Kairei hydrothermal field appear to be similar to ultramafic rock-hosted hydrothermal fields found along the slow-spreading Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR). By contrast, the Dodo hydrothermal field shares similarities with the hydrothermal vent sites found along the fast-spreading East Pacific Rise. The Solitaire and Edmond hydrothermal fields are characterized by high pH and Cl levels, respectively, although the geological background underlying the unusual chemistry of their hydrothermal fluids is still uncertain. Additionally, extensive microbiological analyses of the Kairei hydrothermal vent site revealed that its microbial communities are affected by the chemical characteristics of the hydrothermal vent fluids. Macrofaunal analyses also revealed new faunal data for the Indian Ocean hydrothermal vents, including novel genera and families that are potentially indigenous to the Indian Ocean hydrothermal systems. In particular, the discovery and characterization of a new morphotype of "scaly-foot" gastropod raises the question of the mechanism and physiological role of iron sulfide mineralization. The results of our investigations extended knowledge of the Indian Ocean hydrothermal systems including geochemical variations of hydrothermal fluids, their relationships to the geological

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Geochemistry of high H2 and CH4 vent fluids issuing from ultramafic rocks at the Rainbow hydrothermal field (36°14′N, MAR)

Cited by 755 publications

References 63 publications

Sulfur and lead isotopic compositions of massive sulfides from deep-sea hydrothermal systems: Implications for ore genesis and fluid circulation

Sulfur and lead isotopic compositions of massive sulfides from deep-sea hydrothermal systems: Implications for ore genesis and fluid circulation

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Indian Ocean Hydrothermal Systems: Seafloor Hydrothermal Activities, Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Hydrothermal Fluids, and Vent-Associated Biological Communities

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