Geochemistry of Thermal and Cold Mineral Water and Gases of the Tien Shan and the Pamir

Челноков, Г. А.; Lavrushin, V. Yu.; Bragin, I.V.; Abdullaev, Abdulaziz; Aidarkozhina, A. S.; Kharitonova, N. A.

doi:10.3390/w14060838

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Waters with temperatures higher than 40 o C and mineralization from 0.35 to 45 g/l have been disclosed in the depth interval from 800 to 1600 m [4]. The geothermal gradients here reach 2.0-3.5 o C/100 m in boreholes to depths below 2000 m, and 2.3-3.5 °C/100 m in wells attaining a depth of 4900 m. The Tarim Plate subduction is likely to play an important role in generating heat flux, reflecting the temperature of the North Tian Shan Hot Springs [5].…”

Section: Geological Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…The geochemistry of groundwaters of these units depends on lithology and circulation time [5]. Upper units are characterized by the active water exchange, it is predominantly of freshwater.…”

Section: Geological Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the 20th century, a lot of hydrogeological research was done in this area [1,2,3]. Unfortunately, they are still not well-represented in English-language publications [4,5] and do not include chemical analyses of rare earth elements. The Issyk-Kull Lake basin is not being investigated for REE in groundwater While similar types of thermal waters have been well studied in granite massifs across the globe [6,7,8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geochemistry of lanthanides in thermal waters of Issyk-Kul Lake Basin

Chelnokov,

Kharitonova,

Lavrushin

et al. 2024

E3S Web Conf.

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The distribution and abundance of lanthanides in thermal waters of the northern Tien Shan (Issyk-Kul lake basin) were studied. Waters are represented by three types: Na-Cl-SO4-HCO3, Na-Ca-Cl-SO4 and Na-Ca-Cl, demonstrates alkaline pH (7.3–9.7) and Eh from -260 to +98 mV. Discharge temperature varies from 15 to 50oC, and total dissolved solids from 0.2 to 13.0 g/l. It is established that lanthanides (or rare earth elements, REE) concentrations vary from 0.07 to 0.81 ppb, the maximal concentrations relate to a Na-Ca-Cl water type, which demonstrates the influence of reverse ion exchange. The total concentration of rare earth elements roughly increases as pH decreases, implying that the absolute abundance of REE is totally controlled by pH conditions. The ΣREE concentrations in groundwater exhibit a high positive correlation (R=0.8) with the total dissolved solids contents indicating that ΣREE are well related to the salinity of the thermal water samples. The major ions HCO3, SO4, Ca, K, and Mg have minor associations with REE. The geochemical and geological data suggest that the principal REE source of the thermal waters is bedrock mineralogy and lithology. The distribution and abundance of REE in thermal waters of Issyk-Kul basin were studied for the first time.

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Section: Geological Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Geological Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Geochemistry of lanthanides in thermal waters of Issyk-Kul Lake Basin

Chelnokov,

Kharitonova,

Lavrushin

et al. 2024

E3S Web Conf.

Self Cite

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“…The thermal activities of the Pamir are more intense than those of the Tian Shan mountain range [5]. Nearly 80% of the geothermal springs over the wide range of the Tian Shan and Pamir are low-enthalpy geothermal waters, with temperatures ranging from 20 to 93 • C [31].…”

Section: Geological Setting 21 Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the Genesis of the Geothermal System at the Northeastern Edge of the Pamir Plateau

Chen,

Qi,

Wang

et al. 2023

Water

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High-temperature geothermal systems hold promise for sustainable and environmentally friendly power generation. However, China’s geothermal power capacity significantly underutilizes its abundant resources. This study focuses on the geothermal potential of the Pamir Plateau, particularly its northeastern edge, where complex tectonic forces converge. We aim to unveil the mechanisms driving the emergence of high-temperature geothermal reservoirs in this unique geological setting. Hydrogeochemical analysis reveals diverse profiles in geothermal water, primarily derived from atmospheric precipitation. Estimation of reservoir temperatures and simulation of geotherms unveil distinct geothermal systems. Kongur exhibits a medium–low-temperature hydrothermal system and Tashkurgan demonstrates high-temperature hydrothermal system characteristics, while the Pamir’s northeastern edge hints at a potential high-temperature dry geothermal system where there might not be a fault. These findings have important implications for sustainable energy development and future geothermal exploration.

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Hydrogeochemical and environmental isotope study of Topusko thermal waters, Croatia

Pavić,

Briški,

Pola

et al. 2024

Environ Geochem Health

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Thermal waters in Topusko (Croatia), with temperatures of up to 65 °C, have been used for heating, health, and recreational tourism for the past fifty years. Hydrogeochemical monitoring can provide insights into deeper geological processes and indicate system changes from baseline levels. It helps to identify potential anthropogenic impacts, as well as natural changes. Hydrogeochemical, geothermometrical, and environmental isotope studies of thermal waters in Topusko were conducted to improve the existing conceptual model of the Topusko hydrothermal system (THS), providing a baseline for continuous monitoring of the thermal resource. 2-year thermal springs and precipitation monitoring took place from March 2021 until March 2023. Major anions and cations, stable and radioactive isotopes (i.e. 18O, 2H, SO42−, 3H and 14C) and geothermometers were used to assess the origin of thermal waters in Topusko and their interaction with thermal aquifer. The results indicate the meteoric origin of thermal water, which was recharged in colder climatic conditions around the late Pleistocene–Early Holocene. Thermal water was last in contact with the atmosphere before approximately 9.5 kyr. Ca-HCO3 hydrochemical facies suggests carbonate dissolution as the dominant process driving the solute content. Geothermometrical results indicate an equilibrium temperature in the reservoir of 90 °C.

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Geochemistry of Thermal and Cold Mineral Water and Gases of the Tien Shan and the Pamir

Cited by 9 publications

References 75 publications

Geochemistry of lanthanides in thermal waters of Issyk-Kul Lake Basin

Geochemistry of lanthanides in thermal waters of Issyk-Kul Lake Basin

Unraveling the Genesis of the Geothermal System at the Northeastern Edge of the Pamir Plateau

Hydrogeochemical and environmental isotope study of Topusko thermal waters, Croatia

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